Otto Fischer (biophysicist)

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Otto Fischer (born April 26, 1861 in Altenburg , Thuringia , † December 22, 1916 in Leipzig ) was a German physiologist and mathematician .

Life

After graduating from the Francke Foundations in Halle an der Saale , he studied mathematics and physics in Jena , Munich and Leipzig . In 1885 he received his doctorate from Felix Klein in Leipzig, who put him in contact with the anatomist Christian Wilhelm Braune , with whom he worked on the mechanics of muscles and joints in the human musculoskeletal system. After his death, he continued the work alone, where he found a significant supporter and advocate in the physiologist Carl Ludwig . Habilitation in 1893he studied physiological physics and became an associate professor for medicine in Leipzig in 1896, which was an isolated case until then, as he had not studied the subject. He was also a teacher by profession. In 1887 he became the main teacher of mathematics and physics at the Leipzig Public Commercial College and from 1895 a senior teacher at the Petri-Realgymnasium in Leipzig , of which he became rector in 1912. He wrote the article Physiological Mechanics in the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences . Its scientific importance lies in the inclusion of physics and mathematics in the physiology of the human musculoskeletal system, especially in the analysis of the human gait. Furthermore, he played a significant role in the development of modern biophysics .

In 1893 he became a "foreign" full member of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences in Leipzig and in 1905 a full member. In 1907 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .

Fonts

  • Theoretical foundations for a mechanics of living bodies with special applications on humans as well as on some special movement processes on machines, Teubner 1906
  • Kinematics of organic joints, Vieweg 1907
  • Medical Physics, S. Hirzel, 1913
  • in the treatises of the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences in Leipzig:
    • 1st part with brown: The Walk of Man, six parts, 1895 to 1904
    • mit Braune: Determination of the moments of inertia of the human body and its limbs, 1892
    • The work of muscles and the living strength of the human body, 1893 (habilitation)
    • Contributions to a Muscle Dynamics, two parts, 1895, 1897
    • Contributions to muscle statics, 1896
    • mit Braune: About the center of gravity of the human body with regard to the equipment of the German infantryman, 1889
    • mit Braune: Investigations into the joints of the human arm, 2 parts, 1887
    • About the equations of motion of spatial joint systems, 1905
    • with Braune: The Method to Use in Studying Joint Movements, 1887
    • The static and the kinetic measure of the action of a muscle, 1902

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Otto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physiologist and physicist
DATE OF BIRTH April 26, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Altenburg
DATE OF DEATH December 22, 1916
Place of death Leipzig