Oxylia duponchelii
| Oxylia duponchelii | ||||||||||||
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Pair of Oxylia duponchelii on the host plant |
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| Oxylia duponchelii | ||||||||||||
| ( Brullé , 1832) |
Oxylia duponchelii is a beetle from the family of the longhorn beetle and the subfamily Lamiinae . The genus is only represented by two species, both of which also occur in Europe, but not in Central Europe.
Characteristics of the beetle
The stately beetle reaches a body length of fourteen to twenty-one millimeters and a width of five to a little over six millimeters. On superficial inspection, it resembles the Great Poplar Bock . The two beetles, however, belong to different tribes . The claws of the poplar goat belonging to the Saperdini are simple, while the claws of the genus Oxylia belonging to the Phytoeciini are deeply split into two (Fig. 7).
Due to the interaction of the black color of the exoskeleton and the hairiness of the beetle, which changes in color and density, it appears more or less dark olive-green on top with three yellow longitudinal stripes on the pronotum , below it is lighter and a little more yellowish.
The head is inclined downwards perpendicular to the body axis. It has a fine longitudinal furrow in the area of the forehead, which is inconspicuous because of the thick yellowish hair and the long protruding black hair. The only slightly hairy upper lip , the almost bald upper jaw and the also bald front part of the head shield appear black to slightly reddish (Fig. 1, center).
From the third link onwards, the antennae are conspicuously curled, the base of the antennae links yellowish gray, the end black. This curl is caused by the fact that dense, short and light hair covers almost the entire antennae and is only missing on the upper side at the end of the antennae in the form of a wedge standing on the tip (Fig. 4). The first two antennae segments are covered with yellowish hairs without a noticeable bald spot. The last link is also completely hairy. The underside of the first link has a few long fringed hairs, the other links very few (Fig. 4). The antennae in the male are noticeably less than body-long, in the female the middle of the elytra is only slightly protruding (taxo picture). They are 12-part. The second antenna segment is very short, the first shorter than the third, the third longer than the fourth. The twelfth link is quite short, less than half the length of the eleventh.
The very finely faceted eyes are divided into two by the antennae. The smaller part of the eye above the antennae (Fig. 5, red arrowhead) is kidney-shaped, the larger part of the eye located below the antennae is slightly transversely oval (Fig. 1 left) and drawn out at the back to a point (Fig. 5 blue arrowhead).
The pronotum is slightly shorter than it is wide and about as wide as the head. There is a more or less pronounced flat bump on the side, but not a pointed hump. The front and rear edges are set off by a fine transverse furrow (Fig. 2). Like the head, the pronotum is dense and finely dotted everywhere , the points partially converge (Fig. 6 left). In the middle and on each side of the pronotum above the bump there is a longitudinal stripe of dense yellow hair (taxo picture), otherwise the pronotum is scattered shorter yellow and long, black haired.
The label (Fig. 6 in the center) has roughly the shape of a bisected, transverse oval. It is roughly the same color and hairy in a similar density as the light stripes of the pronotum.
The elytra are three times as long in the male and less than three times as long as the head and pronotum together in the female. They are flattened at the top, widest at the shoulders and together noticeably wider than the pronotum, but less than 1.5 times as wide as it. In the female, they hardly narrow towards the rear, in the male they narrow slightly over the first four fifths of their length, behind which they narrow in a flat arc towards the seam where they end with a point. The wing covers gape a little at the back.
The elytra are dense and deeply punctured, but significantly less dense than the head and pronotum (Fig. 6). The points are bare and therefore appear black up close. In contrast to Oxylia argentata , the interval (seam strip) lying next to the suture of the wing cover is not dotted. On each wing cover a flat longitudinal rib runs a little more laterally (in Fig. 1, right on the right wing cover in the rear area, clearly visible when enlarged). The uniform color of the wing-coverts results from the black background, which is covered with a fine yellow hair, as well as one of the front half of the more strongly developed black protruding hair. There are no white stripes. Only the seam strip can be hairy a little more densely and thus appear lighter.
The legs and the underside of the beetle are very hairy. The dots on the underside are hidden by the hair. The tarsi are slightly less dense on top, very dense and reddish-haired on the underside (Fig. 5). Each claw of the pair of claws is deeply divided into two parts, both parts are of the same length (Fig. 5). The tip of the rear leg extends beyond the second abdominal segment.
biology
The beetle's life cycle lasts a year. The adults appear May to June. The larvae develop in the roots of Echium , usually called Echium italicum . The finished beetle stays mainly on the host plant, where it feeds on the plant and where it also copulates. At air temperatures above 30 ° C, the beetles are very active and like to fly, especially the males.
Friwaldszky calls the beetle parányozott zenész ( Hungarian tiny musician ) in the local language . Presumably it expresses that the beetle (like many longhorn beetles) is capable of making vocalizations.
distribution
The beetle is endemic to the south of the Balkan Peninsula ( Albania , Bulgaria , Greece , Macedonia ). The distribution area of Oxylia argentata is even further east.
Comments on the initial description and synonyms
With the aim of weakening the Ottoman Empire and supporting the Greek struggle for freedom , the French took part in the Battle of Navarino in 1827, along with the Russians and the English . In the following year, with the consent of the English and Russians, the French landed at Koroni on the Peloponnese peninsula to carry out various military operations with over 14,000 men at times. The company known as the Morea Expedition ( French Expédition de Morée ) dragged on until 1833. Morea has been the Romanesque name for the Peloponnese peninsula since the Middle Ages .
Following the example of the Egyptian expedition under Napoleon Bonaparte , the French troops on the Morea expedition were assigned a commission for the sciences and arts , which had the found cultural assets as well as geography, geology and fauna and flora of the Peloponnese scientifically recorded and examined in three sections. Among the participating scientists was Gaspard Auguste Brullé , co-founder of the Entomological Society of France ( Société entomologique de France ) in 1832 . Brullé published a find list of all articulated animals that were collected during the Morea Scientific Expedition ( Expédition scientifique de Morée ), with the exception of crustaceans . The list is extensively commented and arranged according to Brullé's system, which has been expanded to include several genres . It contains 463 beetle species, including over 180 first descriptions by Brullé. With the number 500, the beetle discussed here is described by Brullé for the first time as a new species under the name Saperda duponchelii in 1832 in the third volume of the publications of the scientific section of the Expédition scientifique de Morée .
Duponchel is a French entomologist and in 1836 President of the Entomological Society of France. The species name duponchelii can be understood as the genitive of the Latinized name Duponchelius , but the correct form of the genitive for the name Duponchel and widely used in literature is duponcheli . The GBIF uses both spellings as synonyms .
Küster described the beetle in 1848 under the name Phytoecia vestita ( Latin vestītus for 'clothed' because of the thick hair). Frivaldsky also described the beetle in 1837 under the name Saperda atomaria , the description contains no information on the choice of name. Perhaps atomaria the vernacular name, the transmission of the first part parányozott Zenész ( Hungarian parányozott for, made small ',' tiny '), gives the Frivaldszky the beetles into Latin.
The genus Oxylia is established by Mulsant in 1862 . The generic name is derived from the Latin oxýs for 'pointed'. He refers to the pointed wing covers, to which Mulsant writes: ... vers l'angle sutural, qui est terminé en pointe ( French to the angle with the wing cover seam, which ends in a point ).
  
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| Fig. 1: different views | |
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| Fig. 2: lateral pronotum (left corresponds to front) |
Fig. 3: above male below female |
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| Fig. 4: Link 1–3 of the antennae from the rear, base link, bottom left |
Fig. 5: Eye from the rear, red arrow: upper eye part, blue arrow: lower eye part |
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| Fig. 6: puncturing; neck shield on the left , wing cover on the right, small shield in the center |
Fig. 7: Pair of claws on the left front leg, reddish hair on the underside of the tarsi |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Oxylia at Fauna Europaea, accessed April 16, 2017
- ^ A b E. Mulsant, Histoire naturelle des coléoptères de France Volume 2, Longicornes, Paris 1862–1863 Description of the genus Oxylia p. 398
- ^ A b M. Brullé: Expédition scientifique de Morée Tome 3, Zoologie, 2nd Section Paris 1832 first description
- ↑ Table Lamiinae and Table Phytoeciini at coleo-net
- ^ A b c S. Breuning: Revision of 35 genera from the group of Saperdini Muls. (Col. Cerambycidae) in entomological works from the Museum Georg Frey 5 (2): 401–567 (1954) p. 508 ff
- ↑ a b H.C. Küster: The Beetles of Europe, 15th issue, Nuremberg 1848 not paged through, description of Phytoecia vestita
- ↑ a b Oxylia duponcheli at www.cerambyx
- ↑ Radosław Plewa, Krzysztof Łoś, Paweł Górski: New data on the distribution, biology and behavior of some longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from Greece Elateridarium 5: 232–247, August 18, 2011 ISSN 1802-4858 p. 244 Oxylia duponcheli
- ↑ a b Imre Frivaldszky: Balkány vidéki természettudományi utazás (Scientific trip to the Balkans) in A Magyar Tudós Társaság évkönyvei (Yearbooks of the Society of Hungarian Scholars); Második óstaly: Értekezékek III Természettudomány-osztályi értekezés (Time section: Treatises III treatise of the natural science department) 3rd volume Buda 1838 p. 178 in the second part in the Google book search
- ^ Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent : Relation du voyage de la commission scientifique de Morée ... (Report of the trip of the scientific commission of Morea) 1st volume Paris, Strasbourg 1836 Composition of the commission in the Avant-propos in the Google book search
- ↑ Notation according to GBIF
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
- ↑ Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
