Pontifical Institute of Santa Maria dell'Anima

For the Collegio Teutonico di Santa Maria dell'Anima , or today, the Pontifical Institute Santa Maria dell 'Anima, called anima for short , different names have been in use in Rome , especially since the 19th and 20th centuries, which is often the case even in scientific publications contributed to some confusion and confusion, including Austrian National Institute / Church, or German National Foundation / Priest College. The anima is often mistakenly confused with two similar Rome-based institutions, the Pontificio Collegio Teutonico di Santa Maria in Campo Santo / Campo Santo Teutonico and the Pontificium Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum de Urbe

Organization (current)

The Pontifical Institute of Santa Maria dell'Anima has several areas of responsibility: parish and pilgrim pastoral care and the management of the priestly college.

Priests from those dioceses that were part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in 1806 are accepted into the college when they study in Rome.

The Anima is also the seat of the German-speaking Catholic “parish” of Rome and is part of the foreign-language parishes in the Diocese of Rome. The Church of  Santa Maria dell'Anima "is open to all believers whether they want to celebrate the service with the German-speaking congregation or whether they are looking for a place where they can celebrate worship with their group and the accompanying priest".

Today's institute sees itself as a European institution characterized by diversity. Rector Franz Xaver Brandmayr commented on this at an international conference in January 2020: "That eleven different“ nations ”would live under one roof in the college and that the anima could therefore only see itself as supranational. He told the anecdote that he could sing along with songs without understanding the text, as it would be the common space and spirituality that unite and shape the residents. "

In addition to the church, the community center and the college, the Anima houses an archive on the history of the institution since the 14th century. The management of this historical collection has been the Austrian historian Dr. Tamara Scheer .

History of the institution / foundation

In the bull of Pope Boniface IX. Quanto frequentius of November 9, 1399, Johann Peters von Dordrecht and his wife Katharina are named as founders of a hospice for poor people of the German nation . The papal scriptor and Abbreviator Dietrich von Nieheim († March 22, 1418) increased the fortune through donations, founded a brotherhood in honor of Mary and achieved that the foundation was placed under the protection of the Holy See on June 20, 1406 .

The oratorio belonging to the hospice was extended to a Gothic church through donations from 1431 to 1433 and replaced by a new building from 1499 to 1542. The church is called Santa Maria dell'Anima .

Priestly college

The foundation was reorganized through a papal brief of March 15, 1859. The rector is appointed by the Pope until 1915 he was the Austro-Hungarian monarch Franz Joseph I confirmed. The priestly college consists of clergy who are studying in Rome. Between 1859 and 1915 there were also many priests at the college and served as chaplains who were not of German nationality. The Cologne bishops sent the majority (35 in total). 22 priests came from Bressanone who were German, Italian and Ladin by nationality, followed by Luxembourg (17).

The German and Austrian Bishops' Conference are jointly responsible for the existence of the parish and college of the “Anima” . The college is considered to be a "cadre forge" for careers in the Roman Catholic Church.

The priests of the college are responsible for the pastoral care of the German-speaking Catholic community in Rome.

Rectors

The Rector of Anima is selected by the Austrian Bishops 'Conference and confirmed by the German Bishops' Conference.

• Alois Flir (1805–1859), rector from 1853 to 1859
• Michael Gaßner , Rector from 1860 to 1872
• Carl Jänig , rector from 1872 to 1887
• Franz Maria Doppelbauer (1845–1908), bishop, rector from 1887 to 1888
• Franz Xaver Nagl (1855–1913), Archbishop, Rector from 1888 to 1902
• Josef Lohninger (1866–1926), Apostolic Protonotary , Rector from 1902 to 1913
• Maximilian Brenner (1874–1937), Apostolic Protonotary, Rector from 1913 to 1937
• Alois Hudal (1885–1963), bishop, rector from 1937 to 1952, (coadjutor cum iure successionis 1923–1937)
• Jakob Weinbacher (1901–1985), Apostolic Protonotary, Rector from 1952 to 1961
• Alois Stöger (1904–1999), bishop, rector from 1961 to 1967
• Franz Wasner (1905–1992), prelate, rector from 1967 to 1981
• Johannes Nedbal (1934–2002), Apostolic Protonotary, Rector from 1981 to 1998
• Richard Mathes (1940–2005), prelate, rector from 1998 to 2004
• Johann Hörist (1961–2007), Rector from 2004 to 2007
• Gerhard Hörting (* 1972), Rector ad interim 2007/08
• Franz Xaver Brandmayr (* 1956), Rector from 2008 to 2020
• Michael Max (* 1970), rector from 2020

See also

• Pontificio Collegio Teutonico di Santa Maria in Campo Santo , another German-speaking priestly college in Rome
• Santa Maria dell'Anima

literature

• Anton Kerschbaumer : History of the German national hospice Anima in Rome. 1868 ( books.google.de full text).
• Barbara Baumüller: Santa Maria dell'Anima in Rome. Gebrüder Mann, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-7861-2308-X .
• Gisbert Knopp et al. Wilfried Hansmann: S. Maria dell'Anima. The German national church in Rome. Cooling, Mönchengladbach 1979, ISBN 3-87448-100-X .

Footnotes

1. ↑ Welcome | Pontifical Institute of S. Maria dell'Anima. Retrieved May 5, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Between crowns and nations. The Central European College of Priests in Rome from the Risorgimento to the Second World War. May 5, 2020, accessed May 5, 2020 . 
3. ^ Josef Lenzenweger: Sancta Maria de Anima. First and second founding . Herder, Vienna / Rome, p. 140-172 .
4. ↑ Michael Max becomes the new Rector of Anima in Rome , accessed on December 10, 2019.

Coordinates: 41 ° 53 ′ 58.4 "  N , 12 ° 28 ′ 18.7"  E