Pontifical Croatian College of Saint Jerome in Rome
The Pontifical Croatian College of Saint Jerome in Rome (Italian: Pontificio Collegio Croato Di San Girolamo a Roma ) designates a papal college , church and society in the city of Rome . The college is named after St. Jerome . Since the establishment of the modern school in 1901 , 311 clerics have been trained there.
Naming
That by Pope Leo XIII. written apostolic letters Slavorum Gentem enabled the establishment of today's "Pontifical College of St. Jerome" on August 1, 1901. The first name was "Collegium Hieronymianum pro Croatica Gentem". This naming initially met with the political disapproval of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy . Above all, the dual monarchy feared that this could strengthen national aspirations among the Croatian population, as they were predominantly located in today's territories of Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina , which geopolitically formed part of the national territory of the dual monarchy at the time. In order to reduce political resistance, on March 7, 1902, the name was changed to “Collegium Hieronymanum Illyricum”. Pope Paul VI issued a final decree naming the college on July 22, 1971. Henceforth the college is called “Pontificum Collegium Chroaticum Sancti Hieronymi - Papal Croatian College of Saint Jerome in Rome”. At the state level, the naming was accepted and confirmed on October 11, 1982 by a state decree of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Italy.
history
The origin of the college can be historically traced back to the Apostolic Letter Piis fidelum votis of April 21, 1453 , written by Pope Nicholas V. With this letter, Pope Nicholas V transferred the church building of St. Marina to the Croatian Catholics living in Rome. The Croatian Catholics also received a plot of land adjacent to the Augustus mausoleum . A building permit followed and thus the parish built a hospital and a guest house on the property. With the permission of Pope Nicholas V, the supervision of the buildings was incumbent on the fraternity called "Vereabilis cocietas confallonorum sclavorum Burghi S. Petri" that emerged from the parish. The church building that has been preserved was renovated by the parish and later consecrated to St. Jerome.
The fraternity changed its name many times over the centuries, and since 1544 it has been called the " Congregation ". Pope Paul III confirmed the congregational rules and determined that the congregation should be presided over by a cardinal . Under Pope Pius V , the church building of the congregation was elevated to the cardinal church ( title church ) on February 8, 1566 . The most important congregational chairman was the descendant of Croatian immigrants, Cardinal Felice Peretti from Marken on November 20, 1570 . Under his leadership, the Church of St. Jerome was redesigned and has retained its current appearance since its completion in 1589. Cardinal Peretti became the third chairman of the congregation. He held this office until his papal election on August 24, 1585 and went down in Roman Catholic church history as Pope Sixtus V. Since October 21, 2003, Josip Bozanić has been a cardinal priest with the titular Church of San Girolamo dei Croati (degli Schiavoni) (Saint Jerome of the Croats) in the College of Cardinals .
A priestly chapter was brought into being through the papal bull Sapientiam Sanctorum . Pope Clement VIII made the first considerations on the priestly training of the Croatian clergy in Rome . The first implementation took place under Pope Pius VI. The work of the College came to a standstill due to the French occupation of Rome under Napoleon . The same happened at the time of Popes Pius IX. and Leo XIII. Under Pope Pius X , Croatian priestly candidates entered the college for the first time in 1911 . Due to the turmoil during the First World War , the college was temporarily closed. From 1924, under Pope Pius XI. the college resumed its work. In the formation of priests, the ecclesiastical provinces of Zagreb , Split-Makarska , Vrhbosna , Rijeka , Zadar and Bar have an ecclesiastical prerogative to send candidates for priesthood to the college of St. Jerome. At the Italian state level, the college was recognized for the first time on January 27, 1924. The current main building was built between 1938 and 1939.
The rectors of the college were Josip Pazman , Evaristo Lucidi , Giovanni Biasiotti , Beniamino Nardone , Jakov Čuka , Juraj Magjerec , Djuro Kokša , Ratko Perić , Anton Benvin . Until his appointment as Croatian military bishop at the end of 2015, the college was headed by Jure Bogdan . He was followed in 2016 by Bože Radoš , who was appointed Bishop of Varaždin in August 2019.
See also
- Title Church of San Girolamo dei Croati
- List of Cardinal Priests of San Girolamo dei Croati
- Roman Catholic Church in Croatia
- Roman Catholic Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Web links
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