Parrot green sapling

Parrot green sapling
	Parrot green sapling ( Gliophorus psittacinus )
Systematics
Class :	Agaricomycetes
Subclass :	Agaricomycetidae
Order :	Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family :	Snail relatives (Hygrophoraceae)
Genre :	Mucus wax caps ( Gliophorus )
Type :	Parrot green sapling
Scientific name
	Gliophorus psittacinus
	( Schaeff. ) Herink

The parrot sapling or parrot sapling ( Gliophorus psittacinus , Syn . : Hygrocybe psittacina ) is a type of mushroom from the family of snail relatives (Hygrophoraceae). Based on phylogenetic studies, it is no longer counted among the saplings ( Hygrocybe ), but among the mucous saplings ( Gliophorus ).

features

Brick brown variety ( Gliophorus psitaccinus var. Perplexus ).

The parrot green sap forms relatively small fruiting bodies with 1–4.5 cm wide hats and 4–7 cm long, up to 1.2 cm thick, hollow, often bent and furrowed stems. The color of the species is very variable, it can be colored from the eponymous parrot green to (lemon) yellow, orange to reddish flesh or in purple tones. The fruiting bodies pale with age and are then pale yellow to whitish in color. The skin of the hat is covered with thick green mucus when it is young; in wet weather the hats are slimy and grooved, and shiny when dry. The thick and bulbous lamellae are light yolk yellow in color, sometimes a bit greenish or reddish, they are distant and are attached to the stem. From Parrot Green Saftling also different were varieties described, the variety abietinus from France, which is characterized by completely green blades, the lack of reds and occurrence on pine needle litter from the variety psittacinus different. The brick-brown sapling ( Gliophorus psittacinus var. Perplexus ) is bright brick to red-brown in color and has no green hues. This form occurs in South America, Japan, North America, and Europe.

ecology

The parrot green sap lives in dry grasslands , juniper heaths , extensively managed and at most moderately fertilized meadows and pastures. In addition, it occurs on drifts, dunes, grassy forest edges, more rarely in clear areas in forests, occasionally up to the edge of flat moors . The species is very rarely found in parks. The parrot green sap makes lower demands on the pH value , nutrient content and moisture of the soil than other sap types and can cope with different parent rocks, it can even tolerate moderate fertilization with mature organic fertilizers, but artificial fertilizers and liquid manure make it disappear. Despite this greater ecological amplitude, the parrot green sapling, like many members of the sapling genus, is in decline due to nutrient input and overfertilization of its habitats, although not yet acutely endangered.

distribution

The parrot green sap is found in South Africa, Argentina, the Canary Islands, Korea, Japan, Kamchatka, the USA, Canada and Greenland. In Europe, the species is represented from southern Europe to Scandinavia, Iceland and the Faroe Islands and from Great Britain and France to the Baltic States and northeastern Russia. In Germany, the parrot green sap is widespread.

meaning

The parrot green sapling is protected in Germany; in nature conservation, like other saplings of the Hygrocybe genus, it also serves as an indicator of valuable, nutrient-poor grass communities. Because of this pointer function for valuable grass communities, the species was therefore voted mushroom of the year in 2003 by the German Society for Mycology . It is slightly toxic to the human organism, and when consumed in large quantities it causes digestive disorders.

Web links

Commons : Parrot green sapling ( Hygrocybe psittacina ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Mushroom of the year 2003 of the DGfM

swell

literature

German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .

Individual evidence

↑ Markus Flück: Which mushroom is that? 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-440-11561-9 , p. 143 .
↑ M. Babos, K. Halász, T. Zagyva, Á Zöld-Balogh, D. Szegő: Preliminary notes on dual relevance of ITS sequences and pigments in Hygrocybe taxonomy . In: Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi . tape 26 , no. 1 , June 30, 2011, p. 99-107 , doi : 10.3767 / 003158511X578349 , PMID 22025807 ( ingenta.com [accessed June 5, 2020]).
↑ Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 116.

[1] Markus Flück: Which mushroom is that? 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-440-11561-9 , p. 143 .

[2] M. Babos, K. Halász, T. Zagyva, Á Zöld-Balogh, D. Szegő: Preliminary notes on dual relevance of ITS sequences and pigments in Hygrocybe taxonomy . In: Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi . tape 26 , no. 1 , June 30, 2011, p. 99-107 , doi : 10.3767 / 003158511X578349 , PMID 22025807 ( ingenta.com [accessed June 5, 2020]).

[3] Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 116.