Gray craters

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Gray craters
2010-08-24 Craterellus cinereus (Pers.) Quél 100703 cropped.jpg

Gray Kraterelle ( Craterellus cinereus )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Chanterelles (Cantharellales)
Family : Chanterelle relatives (Cantharellaceae)
Genre : Craterelles ( Craterellus )
Type : Gray craters
Scientific name
Craterellus cinereus
( Pers  .: Fr. ) Donk (nom. Cons.)

The Gray crater Elle , even Gray chanterelle or Gray Leist Ling called ( Craterellus cinereus , Syn. Cantharellus cinereus, Pseudocraterellus cinereus ) is a fungal art from the family of Chanterelle relatives (Cantharellaceae). The shape and color of the fruiting bodies are reminiscent of small dead trumpets ( Craterellus cornucopioides ), but do not have a smooth surface on the underside, but rather clear, multi-forked and gray ridges . The mushroom fructifies from September to October in clumps in deciduous forests, often between death trumpets.

features

A clump of fruiting bodies of the gray craterelle ( Craterellus cinereus )

Macroscopic features

The fruiting bodies have a 1–6 cm wide and smooth-edged hat. Initially convex to flat-headed and bifurcated, it soon shows a funnel-shaped habit that is pierced to the stem . The black-brownish to ash-gray upper side is finely textured, silky and felt-like, in the middle hairy to a little scaly. On the underside there are strips up to 1 mm wide, clearly forked and cross-veined. They are bluish gray to ash gray in color and have white frosting. The spore powder is white to pale yellow. The bare, downwardly pointed stem measures 3–7 cm in length, 2–8 mm in width and has a gray-brown, then soot-gray color without any yellow tones. The pale gray-brown, blackish flesh with age is skinny, thin and brittle. The smell and taste are pleasant.

Microscopic features

The colorless, elliptical spores measure 8-10 × 5.5-6.5 micrometers. The basidia are usually 4- to 6-spore. Buckles are missing.

ecology

The gray kraterelle is a mycorrhizal fungus that enters into a symbiosis with red beeches in particular, but also with other deciduous trees, less often with conifers. The species grows especially in beech, beech-fir and hornbeam-oak forests on rather base-rich, shallow soils. The gray crater is gregarious to tufted.

distribution

The gray crater is widespread in North America, as well as in western, central and southern northern Europe. The gray cape is absent-minded in Germany, it is placed in risk group G 2 (highly endangered, with a clear tendency to decline).

meaning

Although the gray crater is edible and is considered a good edible mushroom , due to its rarity it deserves protection.

The German Society for Mycology has chosen the gray craterelle as “ Mushroom of the Year 2012” in order to draw attention to closely related species such as the real chanterelle .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Lorelei L. Norvell: Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi: 18 . In: Taxon . tape 60 , no. 4 , 2011, p. 1199-1201 .
  2. ↑ a b c Bruno Hennig, Hans Kreisel, Edmund Michael: Blattpilze - Hellblättler und Leistlinge . In: Handbook for mushroom lovers . 2nd Edition. tape 3 . VEB Gustav Fischer, Jena 1977.
  3. ↑ a b Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . 3. Edition. BLV, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-405-14737-2 (639 pages; one-volume new edition of the BLV intensive guide mushrooms 1 and 2).
  4. ^ German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
  5. ^ German Society for Mycology : Mushroom of the year 2012: Cantharellus cinereus Pers .: Fr., Grauer Leistling. In: DGfM website . Retrieved August 21, 2012 .

Web links

Commons : Graue Kraterelle ( Cantharellus cinereus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files