Paul Kretschmer (Linguist)

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Paul Kretschmer (born May 2, 1866 in Berlin ; † March 9, 1956 in Vienna ) was a German linguist who studied the early history and interrelationships of Indo-European languages and showed how these were influenced by non-Indo-European languages, for example Etruscan .

Life

Paul Kretschmer was the son of the genre painter and costume expert Albert Kretschmer (1825 to 1891) and brother of the historical geographer Konrad Kretschmer (1864 to 1945).

Kretschmer studied in Berlin from 1884 Indo-European studies with Johannes Schmidt , archeology with Carl Robert and classical philology with Hermann Diels . In 1889, with a thesis on Greek grammar, he became Dr. phil. doctorate and in 1891 he qualified as a professor in Indo-European linguistics. In 1897 he became associate professor for comparative Indo-European linguistics at the Philipps University of Marburg . In 1899 he became a full professor of general comparative linguistics at the Indo-European Institute of the University of Vienna , which was separate from the Oriental Institute , where he taught and researched primarily on the Greek language and its history until his retirement in 1937.

Together with Franz Skutsch he founded the magazine Glotta in 1908 .

His students included the Greek linguist and neo-Greekist Nikolaos P. Andriotis as well as the classical philologist and teacher Richard Meister .

In 1917, Kretschmer published a book with Greek folk tales in the book series Fairy Tales of World Literature founded by Friedrich von der Leyen . He had previously used fairy tales as examples with which he explored modern Greek dialects on the islands of Lesbos and Corfu .

Kretschmer has received several awards: He received the advancement award from the Bopp Foundation and honorary doctorates from the Universities of Athens and Sofia. In 1902 he became a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy and in 1909 a full member. He is also a member of seven other academies. In 1936 Kretschmer was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . He published over 250 titles and only resigned his professorship shortly before his death. He was buried at the Grinzing cemetery .

Awards

  • 1892 : Sponsorship award from the Bopp Foundation
  • Honorary doctorate from the University of Athens
  • Honorary doctorate from Sofia University

Fonts

Monographs
  • Contributions to Greek grammar . Dissertation. C. Bertelsmann, Gütersloh 1889.
  • Examined the Greek vase inscriptions according to their language . Gütersloh 1894 (reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1969; LaVergne, 2011).
  • Introduction to the history of the Greek language . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1896; 2., unchanged. 1970 edition.
  • The making of the koine . C. Gerold's son, Vienna 1900.
  • Today's lesbian dialect compared to the other northern Greek dialects . Alfred Hölder, Vienna 1905. (= Modern Greek dialect studies. 1). Reprint: Kraus Reprint, Nendeln, Liechtenstein 1975.
  • Word geography of the high German colloquial language . 2 vols. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1916/1918.
Editing
  • Modern Greek fairy tales . Diederichs, Jena 1917 (reprint: 1941; 1965 under the title Greek folk tales )
items
  • Indo-European accent and sound studies . In: Journal for comparative language research in the field of Indo-European languages 31/3, 1892, pp. 325–472.
  • To the Greek word lore . In: Wiener Eranos. For the fiftieth meeting of German philologists and school men in Graz . Vienna 1909, pp. 118-124.
  • The first Thracian inscription . In: Glotta 6, 1915, pp. 74-9.
  • The epithet Grabovius on the tablets of Iguvium . In: Fetschrift Adalbert Bezzenberger, presented on April 14, 1921 . Göttingen 1921, pp. 89-96.
  • Contributions to the Greek phonology from vase inscriptions . In: Ἀντίδωρον: Festschrift Jacob Wackernagel on the completion of the 70th year of life on December 11, 1923, dedicated by students, friends and colleagues . Göttingen 1923, pp. 190–196.
  • Alakšanduš, King of Viluša . In: Glotta 13, 1924, pp. 205-213.
  • The Proto-Indo-European layer . In: Glotta 14, 1925, pp. 300-19.
  • The nt suffix . In: Glotta 14, 1925, pp. 84-106.
  • Language . In: Alfred Gercke, Eduard Norden (Hrsgg.): Introduction to ancient studies . 3rd ed. Under Mitw. Julius Beloch. I-III. Teubner, Leipzig / Berlin 1927, Vol. 1, pp. 1–121. (1st edition 1910).
  • Macedon. áliza . In: Glotta 15, 1927, pp. 305–6.
  • On the question of the Greek names in the Hittite texts . In: Glotta 18, 1930, pp. 161–70.
  • Nordic loanwords in ancient Greek . In: Glotta 22, 1933, pp. 100-22.
  • On the oldest linguistic history of Asia Minor . In: Glotta 21, 1933, pp. 76-100.
  • The Hypacheans . In: Glotta 21, 1933, pp. 213-57.
  • Linguistic prehistory of the Balkans . In: Revue internationale des études balkaniques 2/1, 1934/1935, pp. 41–48.
  • To the Balkan Scythian . In: Glotta 24/1, 1935, pp. 1-56.
  • Again the Hypacheans and Alakšanduš . In: Glotta 24, 1936, pp. 203-34.
  • The position of the Lycian language . In: Glotta 27, 1939, pp. 256-61; 28, 1940, 101-16.
  • The pre-Greek language and folk classes . In: Glotta 28, 1940, pp. 231-78; 30, 1943, pp. 84-218.
  • The Tyrrhenian inscriptions on the Lemnos stele . In: Glotta 29, 1942, pp. 89-98.
  • The oldest language classes in Crete . In: Glotta 31, 1948, pp. 1-20.
  • Contamination of sound-like words . In: Die Sprache 2/3, 1951, pp. 150–5.
  • The Lelegs and the East Medierran indigenous population . In: Glotta 32, 1953, pp. 161-204.
  • Achaeans in Asia Minor during the Hittite period . In: Glotta 33, 1954, pp. 1-25.

literature

  • Bihl, Wolfdieter (2009). Oriental studies at the University of Vienna. Research between Maghreb and East and South Asia: The professors and lecturers . Vienna / Cologne / Weimar: Böhlau. P. 69 f.
  • DBE - German Biographical Encyclopedia (2006). Second, revised and expanded edition. Volume 6 Kraatz - Menges. Ed. Rudolf Vierhaus. Munich: Saur. P. 59.
  • Solta, Georg Renatus (1982). "Kretschmer, Paul". In: Historical Commission of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (ed.). New German biography. Volume 13 Krell - Laven . Berlin: Duncker and Humblot. Pp. 15-16. http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118888455.html
  • Kronasser, Heinz. Paul Kretschmer (May 2, 1866 to March 9, 1956). In: Archive for Orient Research 17 (1954–1956). Pp. 479-481.
  • Lochner von Hüttenbach, Fritz Freiherr (2003). "Historical Linguistics". In: Acham, Karl (ed.). History of the Austrian Human Sciences. Volume 5: Language, Literature and Art . Vienna: Passagen-Verlag. P. 50 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1900-1949 ( PDF ). Retrieved September 27, 2015
  2. ^ Grave site Paul Kretschmer , Vienna, Grinzinger Friedhof, Group 22, Row 4, No. 3.
personal data
SURNAME Kretschmer, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German linguist
DATE OF BIRTH May 2, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1956
Place of death Vienna