Paul Schützenberger

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Paul Schützenberger ca1863.jpg

Paul Schützenberger (born December 23, 1829 in Strasbourg , † June 26, 1897 in Mézy-sur-Seine ) was a French chemist.

Life

His father Georges Frédéric Schützenberger (1779-1859) was a law professor in Strasbourg and his uncle Charles Schützenberger (1809-1881) was a professor of medicinal chemistry.

Schützenberger first studied science in Strasbourg with a bachelor's degree under Louis Pasteur in 1849 and was then assistant ( taxidermist ) to JF Persoz (1805–1868) at the Conservatoire des arts et métiers in Paris, where he dealt with dyeing and printing. From 1854 he taught at the trade school in Mulhouse with the title of professor from 1855.

He also studied chemistry and medicine in Strasbourg. In 1855 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD .

In 1863 he received his doctorate in chemistry at the Sorbonne (with a thesis on acetates , he produced chloroacetate and iodine triacetate). Until 1865 he was professor of chemistry at the École Supérieure des Sciences in Mühlhausen. Then he was assistant to Antoine-Jérôme Balard at the Collège de France (from 1868 he was also deputy director of the newly founded École pratique des hautes études ) and followed this in 1876 to the chair of chemistry (inorganic chemistry, Chimie mineralogique).

In 1882 he was also director of the École municipale de Physique et de Chimie in Paris. He had both positions until his death. Since December 17, 1888 he was a member of the Académie des sciences .

He is particularly known for the discovery of cellulose acetate in 1865 (with Laurent Naudin). He also dealt with, among other things, physiological chemistry and chemistry of fermentation, dyes, with metal carbides, platinum salts ( platinum (II) chloride ), isolation of rare earths and the analysis of alkaloids . He investigated plant dyes , isolated alizarin and purpurine as dyes of madder , carminic acid from the cochineal and luteolin from dyer's woof . In 1869 he isolated sodium dithionite for the first time (which he incorrectly called sodium hydrosulfite), which he used as a reducing agent in vat dyeing ( hydrosulfite vat ).

Fonts

  • Chimie appliquée à la physiologie et à la pathologie animale . 1863
  • Traité des matières colorantes . 1867
    • German translation: The dyes with special consideration of their application in dyeing and printing . 2 volumes. Berlin / Oppenheim 1869/69
  • Les Fermentations . 1875
    • German translation: The fermentation phenomena . Brockhaus, 1876
  • Traité de chimie générale . 7 volumes. 1880-1894

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter S. Académie des sciences, accessed on February 27, 2020 (French).