Paul Schwarzkopf

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Paul Schwarzkopf (born April 13, 1886 in Prague , † December 27, 1970 in Reutte ) was an Austrian inventor and industrialist. Schwarzkopf is also considered a pioneer in powder metallurgy .

Life

After studying technical sciences in Prague (where he also became active in Corps Austria , but later left) and Berlin , he succeeded in inventing drawn tungsten filament in the Italian light bulb factory "Lampada Zeta" in Alpignano near Turin in 1911 . This ductile thread was manufactured industrially from 1913 in a company founded by Schwarzkopf and his partner Karl Chvalov in Berlin. During the First World War, Schwarzkopf first served in a Bohemian regiment, then came to the reserve officers school in Innsbruck in Tyrol and then to the southern front . Since 1909 he was a partner of the "German Filament Factory" in Berlin. In 1920 he founded with his friend Dr. Richard Kurtz founded the “Naamlooze Vennootschap Vereenigte Draadfabricken” (NVVD) in Nijmegen / Netherlands for the production of tungsten wire. In 1921 he founded in Reutte the metal Plansee GmbH , today's Plansee Group . After the “ Anschluss ” his assets were confiscated by the National Socialists and the company “Aryanized” in favor of Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (DEW) . Since he was considered a Jew according to the “ Nuremberg Laws ” , he and his family had to emigrate and went to the USA . In 1947 he and his family returned to Austria and applied for restitution for the company as well as claims for compensation for the stolen private property, which were granted in 1952. The opening of his “Planseeschule” as a new type of school for the technical age at the Bundesrealgymnasium Reutte took place in 1952.

family

1st marriage: Emma Sophia Gebauer

  • Son Wilhelm (born March 1, 1907 in Berlin - died August 15, 1954 in New York )

2nd marriage: Maria (Mary) Mondini (born July 14, 1901 in Innsbruck - died March 11, 1978 Breitenwang ) Paul Schwarzkopf married Maria in 1930 in Breslau

  • Son Walter Max (born October 30, 1931 in Füssen - died July 11, 1978 in Breitenwang)

Honors

Works

  • The life of metals. Vienna, Bergland Verlag 1961
  • Cemented Carbides. New York: Macmillan Co. 1960
  • Stories from Molybdenum Mark. Füssen, winter 1955
  • Hard materials and hard metals. Vienna, Springer 1953
  • Powder metallurgy. New York, Macmillan 1947

literature

  • Paul Schwarzkopf: Stories from Molybdenum Mark , Volume 1: Füssen 1955, Volume 2: Vienna 1959 (autobiography)
  • Wolfgang Meixner , "Aryanization" of the Tyrolean industry using the example of the Jenbacher Berg- und Hüttenwerke as well as the Metallwerk Plansee, in: Austria in History and Literature with Geography, Volume 45, Issue 5–6 (2001), pp. 313–329.
  • Herbert Buzas: Metallwerk Plansee AG and its founder Prof. Dr.Ing. Dr. techn. hc Paul Schwarzkopf , in: Contributions to the history of technology in Tyrol, 1/1969, pp. 23–30.
  • Peter Paschen:  Schwarzkopf, Paul. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 30 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The development of the Plansee Group since 1921. Retrieved on October 22, 2012
  2. ↑ http://www.hohenemsgenealogie.at/gen/familygroup.php?familyID=F2550&tree=Hohenems
personal data
SURNAME Schwarzkopf, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian inventor and industrialist
DATE OF BIRTH April 13, 1886
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1970
Place of death Reutte