Foot care
At the foot care , and pedicure (from the Latin pes, pedis = the foot) called the toenails be cut substantially and cornea on the feet away (the calluses called callosity ).
In contrast, medical foot care or podiatry deals with the treatment of the feet.
To shorten the nails and remove the calluses, the podiatry treatment also includes preventive measures, such as:
- removing a corn (clavus)
- Help with the treatment of fungal nails ( onychomycosis )
- Manufacture of orthoses for toe misalignment
- Manufacture of an orthonyxic brace for the rolled ( Ungius convolutus ) or ingrown ( Ungius incarnatus ) nails
- Foot analysis
- Sensitivity test (with tuning fork, TipTherm and monofilament) of the feet in case of nerve disorders
- Personal advice for the patient: skin and foot care, the right cream, suitable shoes.
Cosmetic foot care products are used to support the cleaning, care and deodorization of the feet.
The counterpart for the hands is the manicure .
Treatment methods
The pedicure as cosmetic foot care supplements your own foot care and is not medically necessary. A comprehensive pedicure can include the following treatments:
- Neutral foot bath : 10 to 20 minutes in warm water.
- Cutting the toenails .
- Filing the toenails with removal of the nail fungus .
- Removal of the callus and any corns that may be present .
- Removing dead cuticles.
- Creaming and massaging the feet.
- Painting the toenails.
Cosmetic foot care
Products to alleviate or eliminate foot complaints and diseases, such as corns, athlete's foot and nail fold tinctures, are part of medical foot care. Products for cleaning, care and deodorization of the feet are cosmetic foot care products . Foot creams and foot balms care for, disinfect and scent the skin and support the massage. In addition to cleaning and refreshment, foot baths promote blood circulation, deodorize and soften the cornea. Rub-off creams allow the callus to be gently removed. Deodorants and antiperspirants in the form of sprays, creams or baths are used to control and reduce odor problems. Foot powders have an antiperspirant effect, protect against odor formation, and absorb moisture. The plant-based ingredient lavender oil , which is particularly refreshing and odor-neutralizing, is often found in foot creams .
history
The history of pedicures, or medical foot care, begins in ancient Egypt in the 16th century BC. In the Ebers papyrus (named after the former buyer Georg Ebers ), a "medical papyrus", there are already references to foot care and the medical treatment of ailments on the feet. So z. B. the word "Äb" for corns and various spells and recipes for treatment, such as the suggestion for the treatment of calluses with a plaster preparation. The Greek Hippocrates of Kos and the Roman Pliny the Elder are said to have mentioned and treated the corn .
The next historical records can only be found in the Middle Ages of Europe; namely with Paulos of Aegina . He describes the treatment methods of his time and reports, for example, about the “branding iron en vogue”. In general, from the 12th century onwards, the newly emerging profession of bathers also took care of the feet, e.g. B. the removal of cornifications and warts.
In the later modern period it was mainly Jewish emigrants who dedicated themselves to foot care. So it was forbidden for them in Germany and Austria to practice a craft. The "profession" of foot care was not subject to any guild at that time and so they pursued this occupation. Writings from England and France from that time prove this. Well-known podiatrists at this time were Abraham Durchlacher and his son Lewis Durchlacher. The latter wrote three books on the subject, including his major work A Treatise of Corns , which appeared again almost 100 years after publication in 1945 in the USA.
In the 20th century, various legal and medical innovations followed, which led to the profession of podiatrist and culminated in the profession of podiatry on January 2, 2002.
education
Germany
The training to become a (cosmetic) podiatrist has been offered in a variety of forms (mostly courses) with fluctuating scope and content for decades. The training of podiatrists and medical podiatrists is regulated by law . You work medically and have been trained more thoroughly (2 years). Health insurance companies only pay podiatry services, for example for diabetics. From a business point of view, the extensive additional training for established podiatrists is hardly worthwhile.
Austria
In Austria podiatrists complete a two-year apprenticeship in the form of dual training . Apprentices finish with the final apprenticeship examination and are then only allowed to perform treatments that are not expressly included in the field of medical or orthopedic treatment. In order to be able to work independently , podiatrists must take a proficiency test. Training in the medical field takes place at health schools or at hospital training centers.
The term “medical foot care” does not exist in Austria.
Literature (selection)
- Fritz Bittig: Bildatlas Podologie . Haug Verlag, Stuttgart 2017, ISBN 978-3-13-220561-1
- Maren Bloß: The ingrown nail. A textbook for podiatry . Verlag Neuer Merkur, Planegg 2019, ISBN 978-3-95409-051-8
- Ingrid Paul-Füssl: Working with instruments and cutters. Tips for the practitioner: Efficient work in the foot care practice . 7th edition. Itter Fachverlag, Wolnzach 2017, ISBN 978-3-9806162-3-2
- Anke Niederau: The big book of nail diseases. Cause, podiatry diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis . 3rd, revised and expanded edition. Verlag Neuer Merkur, Planegg 2016, ISBN 978-3-95409-031-0 ()
- Katja Oskamp : Marzahn, mon amour. Stories from a podiatrist . Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 2019, ISBN 978-3-446-26414-4
- Jeannette Ziebertz-Kracke: Anamnesis in podiatry . 2nd, revised and updated edition. Verlag Neuer Merkur, Planegg 2017, ISBN 978-3-95409-034-1
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Umbach: Cosmetics and Hygiene . 3. Edition. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim 2004, ISBN 3-527-30996-9 , p. 150 ff.
- ↑ History of Podiatry, Working Group of Schools for Podiatry ( Memento of the original from January 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ; PDF) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Definition of the training ( memento of the original from January 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 25, 2010.
- ^ Text of the Podiatry Law
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↑ Training ordinances of the Austrian Ministry of Economic Affairs ( Memento of the original from December 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on January 9, 2014; Professional and industry information from the Austrian Chamber of Commerce
- ↑ Professional and industry information from the Austrian Chamber of Commerce
