Pellin beech
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Pellin beech ( Nothofagus obliqua ) |
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| Nothofagus obliqua | ||||||||||||
| ( Mirb. ) Oerst. |
The Pellin beech ( Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Oerst. , Syn .: Fagus obliqua Mirb. ), Also called the Andean beech , is a plant species in the genus of the beech ( Nothofagus ), the only genus in the family of the beech plants (Nothofagaceae) within the order of the beech-like (Fagales). The name Robel beech is to be avoided as misleading, as the species, unlike in the past, is no longer of the beech genus (Fagus ).
description
The Pellin beech is a deciduous deciduous tree that reaches heights of up to 30 (rarely 40) meters and a trunk diameter of 2 meters. The bark of the trunk is light gray and smooth on the young tree, later broadly furrowed with black cracks, in old age with broad yellow-brown cracks and jumping off in angular fields. The treetop is conical and slender, with arching branches when old. The buds are brown and about 5 millimeters long. The alternate and arranged in two rows on the branches leaves are simple, ovate and 5 to 8 cm in length. The leaf margin is sharp and serrated irregularly. The petiole is 5 mm long. The autumn color is yellow and carmine red .
These trees are single sexed ( monoecious ). The male flowers sit individually in the leaf axils and contain 30 to 40 stamens . The female flowers stand together in threes. In the fruit cups (cupulae) there are three nut fruits .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 26.
Distribution and location
The Pellin beech is native to Argentina and Chile . The southern border of the area is around 41 ° south latitude. The Pellin beech prefers nutrient-rich soils and rainfall of more than 1500 mm per year.
In Central Europe, the tree is conditionally hardy and unusually fast-growing; it is therefore also being planted in Germany in experimental forestry . The largest specimen in Germany, planted in 1961, is in the Arboretum Sequoiafarm Kaldenkirchen .
use
Pellin beech wood is hard, durable and has a high specific density. It is used for furniture and in shipbuilding, but also makes very good firewood .
Systematics
The species was described in 1827 by the French botanist Charles François Brisseau de Mirbel under the taxon Fagus obliqua and incorporated into the genus of beeches ( Fagus ). The Danish botanist Anders Sandøe Ørsted moved the species under the taxon Nothofagus obliqua , which is valid today, into the genus of the beeches ( Nothofagus ).
A distinction is made between the following varieties:
- Nothofagus obliqua var. Macrocarpa (A.DC.) Reiche : The home of this variety is between the province of Valparaíso and Rancagua , particularly southeast of Santiago de Chile , but not in Argentina.
- Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Oerst. var. obliqua : The nominate form grows in Chile, especially from the Colchagua province about 50 km south of Santiago to the Los Lagos region in the area around Lake Llanquihue and beyond the Andes in the neighboring areas in Argentina.
literature
- Alan Mitchell, translated and edited by Gerd Krüssmann: The forest and park trees of Europe: An identification book for dendrologists and nature lovers . Paul Parey, Hamburg and Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-490-05918-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nothofagus obliqua at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Illa Martin : Breeding and cultivation of Nothofagus in Germany . In: Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologische Gesellschaft , Volume 70. pp. 147–166. Ulmer. Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-8001-8302-1
- ↑ http://www.championtrees.de/liste-deutschland/deutschland-lp/index.html
- ↑ See entry at Plants for a Future .
- ↑ Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 14: 465 (1827).
- ↑ Bidr. Egefam .: 24 (1872).
Web links
- Description of nature. (Engl.)
- Entry in Plants for a Future. (engl.)
- [1] [2] The species at ChileFlora (initially only detailed pictures).
- Description. (span.)
- To Pellin-beech forests.