Philipp Jakob Riotte

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Monument to the composer Philipp Jakob Riotte on the St. Wendel fruit market, where he was born diagonally across from the portal of the Wendelsdomes; Since no portrait of Riotte has survived, the statue is based on the facial features of his brother Johann N. Riotte; Bronze sculpture by Kurt Tassotti from 2016

Philipp Jakob Riotte (born August 17, 1776 in St. Wendel ; † August 20, 1856 in Vienna ) was a German classical composer.

Life

Philipp Jakob Riotte probably came from a French emigrant family ( Huguenots ). The earliest reports show him as a choir boy in his hometown of St. Wendel. He studied violin, violoncello and then piano and organ. In 1793 he got his first job as an organist in a Trier seminar. From 1794 to 1805 he stayed in Blieskastel in Saarland , the residence of the Imperial Count von der Leyen , as well as Frankfurt am Main and Offenbach. In Offenbach am Main he continued his studies with the composer and music publisher Johann Anton André . From 1806 to 1808 Riotte worked as Kapellmeister in Danzig and as music director in Magdeburg .

In 1808 Riotte settled in Vienna . At first he lived from piano lessons and his own compositions, which were published. In addition, he was active as a musical entertainer. Based on the musical fashion of the time, he created four “characteristic sound paintings” between 1810 and 1815, which brought him success. One of these “paintings” was the “Battle of Leipzig or Germany's Liberation”; the notes of this work were distributed throughout Germany. He also wrote operas and oratorios, piano reductions for the successful operas for house music and variations on operatic themes.

Justice of the Peace JN Riotte, brother of Philipp Jakob Riotte

In 1818 Riotte found a position as vice conductor at the Theater an der Wien , which he retained until 1828. The theater had dedicated itself in a special way to the “children's ballet” genre, for which Riotte wrote the respective music. In the course of the 1830s he wrote a considerable number of compositions for the Vienna Leopoldstädter Theater . With over 300 performances, Riotte was behind Ignaz von Seyfried and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , but before the "opera god" Gioacchino Rossini at the time .

Philipp Jakob Riotte died in Vienna in 1856; he had no offspring. Due to his close ties with St. Wendel, he supported many St. Wendel citizens and, in his will, set up a foundation for the needy of the Riottese family and the poor in the city. He left his brother Johann Riotte 500 guilders, a gold watch and the interest from a fund of 2,000 guilders.

There are no known portraits of Riotte. It can be assumed that the painter Nikolaus Lauer made paintings of Riotte and his wife; Riotte left this in his will to the Judicial Councilor Johann Georg Nikolaus Knauer in St. Wendel (1797–1868), a son-in-law of his brother Johann Nikolaus Riotte. They are considered lost. In 1852 a passport was issued for Riotte, the personal description of which has been preserved. After that, his facial features and other physical features were very similar to his brother, the St. Wendel justice of the peace, Johann N. Riotte. There is a portrait of this that can give an idea of ​​the person of Philipp Jakob Riotte.

According to critics, Riotte was probably a composer who largely adapted his creations to contemporary tastes. He is said to be "... a skillful craft, an appealing melodiousness, but also the lack of original creativity ...". The critic Max Dietz judges: "On the whole, R. can be described as an offshoot of the classicist traditions of the Viennese School and joins the many late-comers and popularisers of Mozart's way."

Works (selection)

The complete works of Philipp Jakob Riotte include

  • 14 operas
  • 33 operettas, singing games, magic games, local antics and parodying antics
  • 11 ballets
  • 7 children's ballets
  • 8 theatrical music
  • 3 posts on Quodlibets
  • Symphony no 1 in C op.25
  • Symphony no 2
  • 3 clarinet concerts (in B op. 19 or 24 or 26; in C op. 36 or 39)
  • 3 flute concerts (including no 1 in G op. 4)
  • 1 horn concert
  • Piano concert in E op.8
  • Big concert for piano with orchestral accompaniment op.15
  • 1 concert for two pianos (unfinished)
  • 5 string quartets (including 3 in op 21)
  • 5 piano trios
  • 9 piano and violin sonatas
  • Piano sonatas, sonatines
  • Septet for piano, violin, clarinet, violin, violoncello and 2 horns
  • The Battle of Leipzig or Germany's Liberation for pianoforte or for flute, violin, violin and violoncello

Individual works

  • Piedro and Elmira (D. Albrecht), opera in 3 acts (1807, Magdeburg)
  • Moisasur's Zauberfluch (Ferdinand Raimund), magic game in 2 acts (1827, Vienna)
  • The chatty mute of Nussdorf (Karl Meisl), parody (1830, Vienna)
  • The Tempest (Johann Gabriel Seidl based on Shakespeare), opera in 3 acts (1833, Brno)
  • The postilion of Stadelenzersdorf (Aloys Gleich), parody (1838, Vienna)
  • The border town (1809)
  • Wanda, Queen of the Sarmatians (1812)
  • Kasem (1818)
  • Azendar (1819)
  • The wooden saber (1820)
  • The widow and her suitors (1820)
  • Staberl as Freischütz (1822)
  • Euphemy of Avogara (1823)
  • The short coat (1824)
  • The Gifts of the Iron King (1824)
  • The head of iron (1825)
  • The triplet sisters and the forest spirit (1825)
  • Nurredin, Prince of Persia (1825)
  • The Pinch of Toback (1825)
  • The cousins ​​(1825)
  • Nurredin, Prince of Persia (1825)
  • Moisasur's Magic Curse (1827)
  • Two o'clock (1827)
  • Cousin Lucas of Jamaica (1828)
  • Love on the Alm (1833)
  • The umbrella (no year)
  • Notturno op.53 for violin and harp (or piano) (1850)

Discography

In 2002 the Novalis label, in collaboration with the SWR, released a CD with a symphony (op. 25), a clarinet concerto (op. 28) and a flute concerto (op. 4), recorded by the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra .

The Koch Schwann label released a harp CD in 1993 with works by four composers, including Riotte: two-movement nocturno for harp and violin (played by Edward Witsenburg and Ernö Sebestyen).

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Riotte, Philipp Jacob . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 26th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1874, pp. 171–174 ( digitized version ).
  • Max Dietz:  Riotte, Philipp Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, p. 647 f.
  • Gernot Spengler: The composer Philipp Jakob Riotte from St. Wendel - his life a. his instrumental music. (Dissertation, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 1972). St. Wendeler Buchdruck und Verlag, St. Wendel 1977, OCLC 251970300 .
  • Gernot Spengler: Philipp Jakob Riotte. In: Saarland pictures of life. 1 (1982), Saarbr. Dr. u. Saarbrücken publishing house, pp. 109-125.
  • Gernot Spengler: The return of a half-forgotten - St. Wendel pays tribute to his famous son, the composer Philipp Jakob Riotte, in his 225th year of birth. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung. (Saarbrücken-Mitte edition). December 27, 2001, p. B6.
  • At Riotte, always think of music first - today the exhibition “Philipp Jakob Riotte (1776–1856) - Composer and Kapellmeister” opens in the St. Wendeler Museum. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung. (Ed. St. Wendel). September 5, 2002, p. B2.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Museum of the City of St. Wendel
  2. ^ Museum of the City of St. Wendel
  3. ^ A b c Max Dietz:  Riotte, Philipp Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, p. 647 f.
  4. ↑ Notturno pour la harpe, ou piano forte, et violon, oeuvre 53 (1850).
personal data
SURNAME Riotte, Philipp Jakob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer
DATE OF BIRTH 17th August 1776
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Wendel
DATE OF DEATH August 20, 1856
Place of death Vienna