Phokion Naoúm

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Phokion Papa Naoúm (born August 12, 1875 in Leipzig , † April 13, 1950 in Leverkusen ) was a German - Greek chemist and well-known explosives expert who developed several mining explosives .

Life

Naoúm was the son of the royal Greek consul in Leipzig. He attended the Higher Citizens School and the St. Thomas School in Leipzig . After graduation in 1895, he studied chemistry at the University of Leipzig and was at John Wislicenus with summa cum laude for Dr. phil. PhD.

He then worked at the Oehler tar paint plant in Offenbach . From 1900 he worked for the state-run Romanian powder factory near Bucharest . From April 1, 1903, he worked for Dynamit AG , previously Alfred Nobel & Co. (DAG). First he worked in the Krümmel dynamite factory in Geesthacht until 1909 , then in the headquarters in Hamburg . From October 1914 he was head of the scientific laboratory in Schlebusch - Manfort near Cologne.

He was a member of the Association of German Chemists (VDCh).

Inventions

Naoúm developed, among other things, a range of firedamp and coal dust-proof as well as unfreezing and handling-safe explosives. In 1919 he developed the weather explosive Nobelit , which was mixed with calcium nitrate solution. He developed explosives in which every single explosive cartridge is encased in a protective jacket of flame-killing substances. Because of its low explosion temperature of less than 500 ° C, this shell explosive is not capable of igniting methane - air mixtures, which significantly improves work safety during underground blasting work in mining . In 1904 he established dinitrochlorohydrin , which was replaced in 1930 by nitroglycerin . Its gelatine donarite and ammongelite became important rock explosives .

Fonts (selection)

Monographs

  • About rearrangements of the stereoisomeric dibenzenesuccinic acids and [alpha] -benzal- [gamma] -diphenylitaconic acids. Metzger, Leipzig 1899. (= also dissertation, University of Leipzig 1899)
  • Nitroglycerin and nitroglycerin explosives (dynamite) with special consideration of the homologous nitric acid ester related to nitroglycerin . Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1924.
  • Artillery and explosives . Theodor Steinkopff publishing house, Dresden and Leipzig 1927.

Essays

Reviews

  • On the question of the handling safety of chlorate explosives . By Adolf Offermann and Max Voigt, German Publishing Institute, Berlin 1934. In: Angewandte Chemie 47 (1934) 43, 739. doi : 10.1002 / ange.19340474316
  • Explosives studies. By Alfred Stettbacher. Verlag Wilhelm Pansegrau, Berlin 1935. In: Angewandte Chemie 49 (1936) 3, 83. doi : 10.1002 / ange.19360490322
  • Investigation into the culture method . By Karl Wolfgang Weiß. First series, Beuth Verlag, Berlin 1936 (= publications of the Reich Board of Trustees for Technology in Agriculture). In: Angewandte Chemie 50 (1937) 16, 303. doi : 10.1002 / ange.19370501615
  • Explosives and detonators, with a special focus on underground explosives. By Carl Beyling and Karl Drekopf. Verlag Julius Springer, Berlin 1936. In: Angewandte Chemie 50 (1937) 8, 169. doi : 10.1002 / ange.19370500812
  • Chemistry of weapons and machinery . By Siegfried Paarmann. 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1940. In: Angewandte Chemie 54 (1941) 5, 93. doi : 10.1002 / ange.19410540512
  • Guns and explosives and the men who made them. By Günther Bugge, Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1942. In: Angewandte Chemie 56 (1943) 27-28, 192. doi : 10.1002 / anie.19430562706

literature

  • Adolf Berthmann: 50 years of explosives chemistry. Phokion Naoúm in memory. In: Angewandte Chemie 63 (1951) 11, pp. 249-250. doi : 10.1002 / anie.19510631102

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Richard Sachse , Karl Ramshorn, Reinhart Herz: The teachers of the Thomasschule in Leipzig 1832-1912. The high school graduates of the Thomas School in Leipzig 1845–1912 . BG Teubner Verlag, Leipzig 1912, p. 90.
  2. ^ Adolf Berthmann: 50 years of explosives chemistry. Phokion Naoúm in memory . In: Angewandte Chemie 63 (1951) 11, 249-250.
personal data
SURNAME Naoúm, Phocion
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Naoúm, Phokion Papa (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German explosives chemist
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH April 13, 1950
Place of death Leverkusen