Physogyne
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Physogyne is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It contains only three species that are common in Mexico.
description
The Physogyne species are small, herbaceous plants. The roots are clustered together, they are fleshy, fusiform, bulbous, thickened and hairy. The leaves are in a basal rosette. The leaf blade is inverted-lanceolate to oval in shape, it ends pointedly, at the base it goes wedge-shaped into a petiole. The leaves begin to wither during flowering.
The racemose inflorescence is multi-flowered, the small flowers sit loosely together. The inflorescence axis is particularly hairy in the upper area. The bracts are spaced apart or completely surround the peduncle. The flowers are whitish, also yellow on the lip . The ovary is cylindrical to spindle-shaped, seated, hardly twisted. The sepals are shaped in the same way, standing roughly parallel to one another and lying against one another. The dorsal sepal is bent upwards from about its middle. The lateral sepals have grown together to form a small depression at the base. The petals are spatulate, somewhat asymmetrical at their base, with the inner edge attached to the dorsal sepal. The lip is abruptly narrowed (nailed) for a short distance at the base, the nail has grown together with the fused part of the sepals. The blade of the lip is heart-shaped at its base, with a pair of nectar glands pointing backwards on either side of the nail, narrowing towards the front. The column is straight, slightly club-shaped, semicircular in cross section, hairy on the underside. It extends beyond the base of the ovary and forms a short columnar foot. The stamen is surrounded by a membranous, deeply pocket-shaped tissue of the column (clinandrium). The stamen is oval to lanceolate, pointed at the front, heart-shaped at the base. While most representatives of the Spiranthinae have two longitudinally furrowed pollinia , there are four club-shaped pollinia in Physogyne , which hang on a small, oval adhesive disc (Viscidium). The scar is semicircular or elliptical with a bilobed tip. The separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is long, triangular to linear, stiff and pointed.
Occurrence
All species of the genus Physogyne occur in Mexico. They settle at altitudes from 1000 to 1700 meters. They are found in tropical deciduous forests or in oak-pine forests.
Systematics and botanical history
Physogyne is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Spiranthinae . The genus was described by Leslie Garay in 1982 . The name is made up of the Greek words φυσάω physao , "to inflate", and γυνἠ gyne , "feminine", and refers to the clinandrium.
Burns Balogh distributed the species of the genus Physogyne to the genera Schiedeella and Pseudogoodyera . Szlachetko and Rutkowski claimed a relationship with stenorrhynchos because of external similarities . The actual relationships are unclear.
The following species are included in the genus Physogyne :
- Physogyne garayana R.González & Szlach. : It occurs only in the Mexican state of Colima.
- Physogyne gonzalezii (LOWilliams) Garay - type species : It occurs in southwestern Mexico.
- Physogyne sparsiflora (C.Schweinf.) Garay : It occurs in the Mexican states of Morelos and Jalisco.
literature
- Leslie A. Garay: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets of Harvard University . tape 28 , no. 4 , 1982, ISSN 0006-8098 .
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Leslie Garay: Physogyne . In: A generic revision of the Spiranthinae . Cambridge Mass 1982, pp. 346-347.
- ↑ a b c d Gerardo Salazar: Physogyne . In: Genera Orchidacearum . New York 2003, pp. 236-238.
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Physogyne. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 18, 2018.