Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau
Pierre Marie René Ernest Waldeck-Rousseau (born December 2, 1846 in Nantes , † August 10, 1904 in Corbeil-Essonnes ) was a French lawyer and one of the most prominent politicians of the moderate republicans ( Républicains modérés ), from 1901 the Alliance républicaine démocratique , in the Third Republic . In the 1880s he was Minister of the Interior. The law of March 21, 1884 that lifted the trade union ban is associated with his name. From 1899 to 1902 he was President of the Council of Ministers and Minister of the Interior and Culture. He made a significant contribution to ending the Dreyfus affair .
Life
Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau's father was the respected lawyer René Waldeck-Rousseau , who was a member of the Constituent Assembly from 1848 and Mayor of Nantes from 1870 to 1874. Pierre studied in Poitiers and did his doctorate in Paris. As a lawyer, he first settled in Saint-Nazaire and in 1873 in Rennes . In 1885 he married, in 1886 he moved his office to Paris and became one of the most respected lawyers there. In the last few years of his life he suffered from pancreatic cancer .
Political career
Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau was a member of the Chambre des Députés from 1879 to 1889 . In the 1880s he was Interior Minister twice: first in the government of Léon Gambetta (from November 14, 1881 to January 30, 1882) and then in the Jules Ferry government (from February 23, 1883 to April 6, 1885). He campaigned for freedom of association and is the author of the law of March 21, 1884, which lifted the ban on trade unions. In France it is associated with his name ( Loi Waldeck-Rousseau ).
After several years of political abstinence, he returned to the political scene in 1894 when he was elected senator in the Loire department . In 1895 he ran for the presidential election, but was defeated by Henri Brisson . In 1899 he took over the government after the failed military coup by Paul Déroulède as President of the Council of Ministers ( Président du Conseil des ministres ), and he also took over the offices of Minister of the Interior and Minister of Education. During his reign, Alfred Dreyfus was pardoned and several progressive laws were passed: the law of March 30, 1900 on labor for women and children, the law of September 30, 1900, which reduced the daily working time to eleven hours, and the law of September 1 , 1900 . July 1901 , which introduced general freedom of association and is still the basis of French association law to this day . Originally he wanted to subject the religious communities to the association law, but the National Assembly passed a different text than the one he had submitted.
In 1902 he led the left bloc to victory in the elections to the National Assembly, but resigned from all political offices shortly afterwards on June 3, 1902 because of his illness.
Others
An armored cruiser of the Edgar-Quinet class was part of the Marine nationale française him as Waldeck-Rousseau named. The ship was ordered in 1905, put into service in 1911 and only scrapped from 1941 - although completely out of date as a concept. The Waldeck-Rousseau Peak in Antarctica also bears his name.
literature
- Waldeck-Rousseau, Pierre Marie René Ernest . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 28 : Vetch - Zymotic Diseases . London 1911, p. 253 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Waldeck-Rousseau, Pierre |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Waldeck-Rousseau, Pierre Marie René Ernest (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French lawyer and politician, member of the National Assembly |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 2, 1846 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nantes |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 10, 1904 |
| Place of death | Corbeil-Essonnes |