Pinus pseudostrobus
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Pinus pseudostrobus |
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| Lindl. |
Pinus pseudostrobus is a species of pine ( Pinus )nativeto Mexico and Guatemala .
features
Pinus pseudostrobus is a tree that grows to heights of 30 to 40 m, rarely up to 45 m, and trunk diameters of 40 to 80 cm, rarely even 100 cm. The trunk is usually straight and free of knots up to a height of 20 or 30 m. The branches are mostly horizontal. The crown of old trees is round, young trees have an open, pyramidal crown with distant branches. The bark of old trees is dark brown, thick and divided into rough, scaly plates by deep vertical cracks. In the upper trunk area the bark is smooth and red-brown. In young trees, the bark is smooth and reddish to gray-brown. The branches are slender, slightly erect and smooth.
The needle leaves are in bundles of five short shoots . The sheaths are permanent, light to dark brown and 12 to 15 mm long. The needle leaves are slender, flexible, 20 to 25 cm long. The edge is finely sawn. There are usually three (rarely two to four) resin canals. There are two vascular bundles that are adjacent but demarcated.
The cones are oblong-conical, the small cone scales have small, upright thorns. They stand individually or in groups of 2 to 3 on stiff, scaly stems.
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The cones are ovate to long ovate, slightly curved. They are 8 to 10 cm long and 5 to 7 cm wide when opened. The color is light brown. The cones open to maturity and soon fall off. When they fall off, the stem and some of the lowest cone scales remain on the branch. The cone scales are thin, medium hard. The apophysis is slightly raised to flat, keeled transversely, the umbo sits dorsally, is small, and reinforced with a small, sloping thorn.
The seeds are around 6 mm long, dark brown. The seed wing is 20 to 23 mm long, dark brown. The number of cotyledons is usually eight (rarely six to nine).
The wood is light yellow, quite soft, but strong and somewhat resinous. The trees are processed into sawn timber, some of which are also used for firewood and resin production.
Distribution and locations
Pinus pseudostrobus occurs predominantly in Mexico , but the area extends to Guatemala . The largest deposits are in the Central Volcanic Mountain Range, which runs across Mexico from west to east on the geographical latitude of Mexico City. The deposits are in the states of Jalisco , Michoacán , México , Distrito Federal de México , Morelos , Hidalgo , Puebla , Tlaxcala , Veracruz , Oaxaca , Guerrero and Chiapas . In Guatemala it occurs in the southern parts of the country.
The species grows at altitudes from 1600 to 3200 m, mainly on mountain slopes. The annual rainfall in the area varies from 800 to 1500 mm. The largest trees grow in Michoacán in 2000 to 2400 m on deep volcanic soil. In large areas of its area, the species grows together with various species of fir ( Abies spp.) As well as Pinus montezumae , Pinus douglasiana , Pinus michoacana , Pinus maximinoi and Pinus pringlei .
Systematics
Pinus pseudostrobus was first described by John Lindley in 1839 .
Synonyms are Pinus orizabae Gordon , Pinus protuberans Roezl , Pinus angulata Roezl , Pinus brisk liana Roezl , Pinus protuberans var. Angulata (Roezl) Carrière , Pinus Pseudostrobus var. Estvezii Martínez , Pinus Pseudostrobus var. Coatepecensis Martínez , Pinus Pseudostrobus var. Apulcensis (Lindl. ) Martínez , Pinus pseudostrobus forma megacarpa Loock , Pinus estevezii (Martínez) JPPerry , Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. apulcensis (Lindl.) Stead , Pinus nubicola J.P. Perry , Pinus pseudostrobus var. laubenfelsii Silba , Pinus yecorensis Debreczy & I.Rácz , Pinus yecorensis var. sinaloensis Debreczy & I.Rácz , Pinus apulcensis Lindl. , Pinus pseudostrobus var. Apulcensis (Lindl.) Martínez , Pinus pseudostrobus forma megacarpa Loock , Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. apulcensis (Lindl.) Stead , Pinus pseudostrobus var. oaxacana Martínez , Pinus oaxacana Mirov , Pinus pseudostrobus var. oaxacana (Mirov) SGHarrison and Pinus oaxacana var. diversiformis Debreczy & I.Rácz .
A distinction is made between two varieties and one form:
- Pinus Pseudostrobus . Var apulcensis (Lindl.) Shaw (Syn .: Pinus apulcensis Lindl. , Pinus Pseudostrobus subsp. Apulcensis (Lindl) Stead. ): It occurs in Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador.
- Pinus pseudostrobus f. protuberans Martínez : It occurs in central and southwestern Mexico.
- Pinus pseudostrobus var. Pseudostrobus : It occurs from Mexico to Honduras.
literature
Jesse P. Perry: The Pines of Mexico and Central America. Timber Press, Portland 1991, ISBN 0-88192-174-2 , pp. 137ff.
Individual evidence
- ^ John Lindley: Miscellaneous Notices. In: Edwards's Botanical Register. Volume 25, 1839 Misc., P. 63, digitized .
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Pinus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 19, 2019.
Web links
- Description of the species on www.conifers.org
- Pinus pseudostrobus inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: Farjon, A., 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2013.