Platt (municipality of Zellerndorf)

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Basic data
State : Lower Austria
Political District : Hollabrunn district ( HL)
Area : 26  ha
Residents : 440 (2001 census)
Height : 340  m above sea level A.
Postal code : 2051
Area code : +43 2945
Geographic location : 48 ° 40 ′  N , 15 ° 58 ′  E Coordinates: 48 ° 40 ′  N , 15 ° 58 ′  E
Community code : 31052

Administration address :		 Market town of Zellerndorf
Zellerndorf 288
2051 Zellerndorf
politics
Mayor : Ernst Muck

Platt is a village and cadastral municipality in the Austrian Weinviertel and one of the six Zellerndorfs . The village has recently gained fame due to archaeological excavations in its area.

geography

Platt is located in northern Lower Austria and is in the “Retzer Land” near the cities of Retz and Pulkau. The village - it is an anger village - is traversed by the Plattbach (also called Sulzbach) and is surrounded by vineyards. The highest point on the northern slope of which Platt is located is the Sandberg, 340 m above sea level. The area of ​​the village is 26 hectares. The landscape itself is hilly and consists mostly of vineyards and fields.

Platt (aerial view)

geology

Platt lies directly on the Diendorfer Fault , a geological fault that extends from Wieselburg to Boskovice in the Czech Republic . As a result of this disturbance, earthquakes repeatedly occur in Platt - noticeable ones are documented for the years 1349, 1443, 1595, 1614, 1768 and 1876 - which caused cracks in many buildings in Platt and regular damage to the railway tracks. In the past, severe damage to buildings occurred time and again, especially along the main road to Zellerndorf .

Field names

Even today, the following are place names preserved in Platt:

Aufeld, Bergfeld, Berglüsse, Breitenlüsse, Brunnfeld, Durch'n Grund, Fremdfeld, Gaistalwiesen, Haiden, Höchsten, Hofgabe, Kirchhof offers, Kirchlüsse, herb gardens, Landäcker, Mittere Gwanten, Reitfeld, Reitlüsse, Rotbrunnäcker, Scheiben, Wiesäcker, Wolferthaler.

population

In 1840, Platt had 1200 inhabitants; today there are almost 440. In addition to the residents who have their main residence in Platt, there are also a number of residents with secondary residences, most of whom come from Vienna.

politics

Platt was an independent municipality until 1967; Since January 1, 1967, Platt has been a cadastral community of the greater Zellerndorf community.

Platter Mayor (from 1850 to 1966):

Ferdinand Klein Ulrich Kamhuber, Mathias Waneck, Jakob Klein, Josef Minihofer, Georg Alber, Mathias Greilinger, Mathias Fidesser, Franz Waneck, Johann Landrichter, Alois Muhm, Josef Fidesser, Josef Haidvogl, Johann Mayer, Leopold Putz, Josef Kamhuber, Josef Haidvogl, Franz Scharinger, Timotheus Windisch, Theodor Fidesser, Karl Schwarz, Stephan Kraus, Johann Lewisch, Josef Kamhuber, Johann Lewisch, Pfeifer Josef,

Mayors were - since 1967: Josef Pfeifer, Leopold Eber, Josef Stift, Franz Winalek, Herbert Winalek, Ing. Ernst Muck

history

Early history

Based on archaeological excavations carried out between 2000 and 2010 by the Vienna Institute for Prehistory and Early History, it was possible to prove that the area of ​​Platt and the surrounding area was already settled in the Neolithic Age. Significant proven cultures from the Stone Age were the note head ceramists 7,400 years ago, from this time onwards a complete and continuous settlement is documented for Platt until today. The following Lengyel culture left behind Moravian-Austrian painted ceramics (approx. 4000 BC) in the rare eggshell quality. From this time a complete Stone Age kitchen was found in Platt, which can be viewed in the local Stone Age Museum. A circular moat is suspected in the area, but has not yet been proven. This was followed in Platt by the funnel beaker culture , which reached its southernmost point of spread in Platt. The settlements of the Aunjetitz culture , Baalberg culture and Michelsberg culture are proven for the Bronze Age . A rare Michelsberg tulip cup is on display in the local Stone Age museum.

Platt is home to the largest Celtic open-air settlement in Austria, which extends over at least 22 hectares between the communities of Platt and Roseldorf . Finds show that this Celtic settlement already had trade relations with Bavaria and the Rhineland as well as with Hungary and the Czech region. A geomagnetic survey by the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics showed a boundary ditch and 698 storage and waste pits within the enclosure, as well as 449 mine houses (which are interpreted as residential and commercial buildings) and streets. There were probably two large marketplaces and five square sanctuaries, one of which was reproduced in Asparn an der Zaya for a national exhibition and can be viewed in the local Museum of Prehistory . In these sanctuaries (in the form of square buildings) were deliberately made unusable weapons, but also parts of wagons, harness, jewelry, coins, ceramics and human / animal remains.

Attention was drawn to the existence of a settlement through a belt hook found in 1932 and numerous other surface finds. In spite of the massive robbery that lasted for decades, more than 1,500 gold and silver coins have been found so far. The Celtic town on the Sandberg is the most coin-rich Celtic settlement and the oldest mint in Austria. The settlement on Sandberg based its coinage on the models of the Mediterranean area as well as on the coinage of the Boier in Bohemia. The city also developed its own coin type, which is led under the technical name "Roseldorf Type I-III". Coins of this Roseldorf type were found in large numbers in settlements in the vicinity (St. Pölten, Prague) but also for example. found in Nemčice (Slovakia). These coins were minted on the Sandberg itself, but there are also numerous "foreign coins" which indicate extensive and far-reaching trade relations with the Rhineland, Bavaria, the Prague area and the Pannonian-Hungarian region. It is also noteworthy that at that time people were already intensively concerned with counterfeiting coins. There are also coins that have a bronze core and are only covered with a thin layer of gold. Interestingly, a large number of these forgeries were provided with “false” test marks, which suggests a deliberate production of forgeries on the Sandberg. A (test) blow in the gold bar or the coin proved that the gold went massively through the entire metal body.

Middle Ages until today

Platt was first mentioned in writing in 1185 in a deed of donation from Countess Elisabeth von Ortenburg, wife of Count Rapotos I von Ortenburg , in which a property near “Plade” was donated to the Asbach monastery in Bavaria .

Until 1848 - after changing ownership - the respective rule of the city of Schrattenthal was landlady in Platt. From 1850 to 1966, Platt was an independent municipality, after which Platt became a cadastral municipality of Zellerndorf on January 1, 1967.

economy

Today there are hardly any businesses in Platt apart from farms. The village inn is only open on special occasions, but there are wine taverns . In 1837 there were still 26 traders, including two inns. In 1885 there were only 20 traders left. The reason for this was probably due to the fact that Platt was connected to the Northwest Railway , which dried up the livelihood for many traders; because Retz or Vienna could be reached more easily. In agriculture - in addition to viticulture, of course - the cultivation of grain, sugar beet, pumpkin, vegetables, fruit and sunflowers play a major role. Livestock farming is only operated for personal use.

traffic

Platt has been connected to the Nordwestbahn since 1872, a direct connection to Vienna and Znojmo . The train stop in Platt, however, was not opened until September 27, 1981; previously it was in neighboring Zellerndorf. There is also a bus connection to Retz and Hollabrunn.

Attractions

  • The parish church of Saint Ulrich is on the outskirts. It was consecrated in 1849 and was built according to plans by Alois Lissek. The paintings "The Death of St. Joseph" and "Mary of Victory" painted by Paul Troger are worth seeing in the church. Both pictures were taken around 1740 and are now above the side altars.
  • From the old Ulrichskirche (Ulrichskapelle) only the tower, which was baroque in the 18th century, is preserved. In the museum in the Schottenstift in Vienna there is a winged altar consecrated to St. Ulrich, which probably comes from the former Ulrichskirche or Ulrichskapelle in Platt. The first parish was founded in Platt on September 12, 1783.
  • Kellergasse (Leith'n, Holzbrunn '& Nusswald)
  • Stone Age Museum Platt
  • Lookout tower on Sandberg

Myths and legends

Numerous sagas and legends surround the village of Platt, some of which are still told today. Here are just a few of them - with the possible explanation - briefly mentioned:

According to an old legend, there was once a castle at the so-called wooden fountain - at that time outside the village - of which no trace can be seen today. According to legend, it was "swallowed up by the ground", ie razed to the ground by an earthquake. Other legends claim it was destroyed by invading Swedes in the Thirty Years War . Said castle was mentioned in a document in 1643 as "Castle with a small capell" and is also mentioned by Franz Xaver Schweickhardt in the depiction of the Archduchy under the Enns (1841). If the castle ever actually existed, its location is now believed to be near the Ortsanger.

In the past, the fields around Platt were known for people, animals or even equipment simply disappearing into the ground. Today we know that there are a myriad of so-called earth stables , veritable corridors including chambers under the earth's surface, into which people etc. have broken into. It is not yet known exactly when and for what purpose these earth stables were built. In Platt, subsidence and subsidence caused by the Diendorf fault are also possible causes.

Furthermore, there are legends about will-o'-the-wisps and about the master builder who built today's Ulrichskirche: He is said to have made a covenant with the devil for the successful construction and was brought to hell by him after the work was done.

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