Pulmonology

The Pneumologie (also Pneumonologie ; Greek. Πνεύμων Pneumon "spirit", "touch", "breathing", metonymically for " lung ") or pulmonology (also Pulmonology ; lat. Pulmo "lung") is a branch of internal medicine , which is busy with lung disease. The German name is pulmonary medicine or lung and bronchial medicine .

Pneumology includes the prophylaxis , detection and conservative treatment of diseases of the lungs , bronchi , middle skin (mediastinum) and pleura .

Chest surgery as part of surgery , irradiation of lung tumors as part of radiation therapy, and chemotherapy of lung tumors as part of oncology are not directly part of pulmonology.

Common clinical pictures in pulmonology

• bronchial asthma
• acute and chronic bronchitis
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries)
• Bronchial carcinoma (lung cancer)
• Pulmonary emphysema (distension)
• Pleurisy ( pleurisy )
• Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia)
• Pulmonary tuberculosis
• Cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis)
• Pulmonary fibrosis
• Pleural effusion
• Sleep apnea syndrome
• Pulmonary embolism
• interstitial lung disease

Common methods of examination in pulmonology

• History taking - what complaints does the patient describe?
• Auscultation of the heart and lungs
• X-ray of the lungs
• Computed tomography (CT) scan of the lungs
• Spirometry
• Pulmonary function test
• Bronchoscopy
• Blood gas analysis
• Spiroergometry
• Allergy testing
• Ultrasound of the pleura and lungs
• Pleural puncture
• Lung Scintigraphy
• Thoracoscopy
• Body plethysmography

less often internal thoracoscopy (a reflection of the pleura)

Therapy principles of pulmonology

• physical rest until bed rest
• physical training and weight loss
• Kneipp treatments
• Breathing training
• Smoking cessation
• Allergen avoidance
• Desensitization
• Asthma medication
• Cortisone (spray or tablets)
• Antibiotics
• Long-term oxygen therapy
• Ventilation
• Chest drain
• physical therapy

Diagnostic procedures and interventions by thoracic surgeons

• Mediastinoscopy
• Video-assisted thoracoscopy
• Lung part resections
• Lymphadenectomy
• Pleural surgery
• Lung transplants

See also

• List of diseases of the respiratory system according to ICD-10

literature

• Dieter Köhler , Bernd Schönhofer, Thomas Voshaar: Pneumology. A guideline for rational action in clinic and practice. Thieme, Stuttgart 2009; 2nd, updated and expanded edition, ibid 2014, ISBN 978-3-131-46282-4 .
• German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine (Ed.): 100 Years of German Pneumology. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-11453-3 .
• Joachim Lorenz and others: Checklist XXL: Pneumology. Thieme, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-131-15072-6 .
• Heinrich Matthys, Werner Seeger (Ed.): Clinical Pneumology. Springer, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-540-67392-X .
• Robert Bollinelli, Pierre Carles: History of Pulmonary Medicine . In: Illustrated History of Medicine. German adaptation by Richard Toellner and others. Special edition, Salzburg 1986, Volume 5, pp. 2702–2733.
• Joachim Frey : Diseases of the respiratory organs. In: Ludwig Heilmeyer (ed.): Textbook of internal medicine. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1955; 2nd edition ibid. 1961, pp. 599-746, here: pp. 669-724 ( diseases of the lungs ).

Web links

Wiktionary: Pneumology  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Patient and doctor portal of the Federal Association of Pulmonologists
• German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine
• Lung image atlas , Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, see MeVis Medical Solutions
• Swiss competence center in the fields of lungs and respiratory tract