Pont levant de la rue de Crimée

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The Pont levant de la rue de Crimée at the confluence of the Canal de l'Ourcq in the Bassin de la Villette in the raised state
The bridge in the lowered state, north in front of the pedestrian walkway

The Pont levant de la rue de Crimée (also: Pont de Crimée or Pont de Flandres) is a lift bridge over the Canal de l'Ourcq in the 19th arrondissement of Paris . It was the first hydraulically operated lift bridge in France and is the last remaining lift bridge in the city.

Surname

The name gives the Rue de Crimée, in the course of which the bridge lies. The Crimea (fr: Crimée) is a peninsula in the northern Black Sea . In the course of the Crimean War , French and Russian troops faced each other there in 1855/56.

prehistory

Lift bridge at the Marché aux Bestiaux de La Villette train station with locomotive 9 from the Chemin de Fer de Petite Ceinture

In 1802 it was decided to build the Canal de l'Ourcq to supply the city of Paris with drinking water. In 1805 Napoleon Bonaparte had plans changed to make it navigable for boats of average size. In 1808 the Bassin de la Villette was completed as a water reservoir and on August 15, 1813, shipping between Claye and Paris began. From December 23, 1825, the ships could reach the Seine through the completed Canal Saint-Martin .

The Rue de Crimée, a connecting road between the Rue de Flandre and the Rue d'Allemagne (since 1914: Avenue Jean Jaurès) crosses the Canal de l'Ourcq shortly before its confluence with the Bassin de la Villette. In 1874 a swing bridge was built there to replace a wooden bridge that burned down in 1871 , but this narrowed the canal cross section to 7.80 m. It was opened around 25 times a day, with traffic coming to a standstill for around 15–60 minutes. Over time, all of this turned out to be unsatisfactory: A canal width of 15 m and its deepening of 2 m by 3.20 m was therefore aimed for. The fact that there was a sewer under the canal in the course of the road turned out to be problematic.

As early as 1868, a lift bridge over the Canal de l'Ourcq was put into operation a few hundred meters to the north, which was also used for rail traffic . The track belonging to the Chemin de Fer de Petite Ceinture led from the Marché aux Bestiaux de La Villette station ( La Villette cattle market ) to the slaughterhouses on the other side of the canal .

History and description

Rue de Crimée, pulleys and footbridge
Bridge keeper's house and barrier

Between June 29 and July 18, 1884, the period of the canal's annual rest period for inspection and repair purposes , dams were built on both sides of the abutments of the old bridge . Within 19 days, abutments for the new bridge and two new sewers next to each other were built in place of the previous one in the drained bridge area. In this way, while maintaining the level of the trench , the tunnel ceiling could be lowered by 1.20 m and the construction of a culvert avoided. Canals that housed pneumatic tubes , telegraphs and telephone lines were also relocated. For pedestrians, a temporary bridge was erected at a sufficient height, for road traffic at the level of Rue Evette a temporary bridge made of iron girders with a wooden deck, the bridge span of which could be moved with winches .

The design came from Edmond Humblot , who had presented a visually appealing plan. Until then, similar bridges had only been implemented with the help of solutions that were not perceived as being aesthetically pleasing. The company Fives-Lille was chosen for the construction . The new bridge was built as a lift bridge, the roadway of which - for the first time in Paris - was moved hydraulically. 2 m³ of water were used for each lifting process. On August 2, 1885, what was then technically and architecturally exceptional was put into operation. Characteristic of the bridge are the four large pulleys over which the pulling ropes run.

The waiting times for road traffic were reduced to 5–15 minutes. When the carriageway is raised, traffic is interrupted by barriers , and pedestrians can cross the canal on an adjacent walkway. The 85-tonne bridge is opened approximately 25 times a day. H. Moved about 9000 times a year. The former bridge keeper building is is controlled not in operation, the operation of the central lock keeper item at the first gate of the Canal Saint-Denis .

The bridge has been a listed building since 1993. In 2011 it was renovated and the hydraulic system modernized.

Web links

Commons : Pont levant de la rue de Crimée  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Passerelle de la rue de Crimée  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Le Pont de Crimée at paristoric.com, accessed on July 27, 2019
  2. ↑ a b Le tout dernier pont levant de Paris from pariszigzag.fr, accessed on 1 August 2019
  3. ^ Gérard Roland: Stations de métro d'Abbesses à Wagram . Christine Bonneton, Clermont-Ferrand 2011, ISBN 978-2-86253-382-7 , pp. 91 .
  4. ↑ a b c Le pont levant de la rue de Crimée in: Le Génie civil of November 7, 1885, pp. 1 ff.
  5. ↑ a b c Le pont levant de la rue de Crimée at tourisme93.com, accessed on July 30, 2019
  6. ↑ Pont levant établi sur le Canal de l'Ourcq, à la gare du marché aux bestiaux de La Villette in: Le Génie civil of May 2, 1885, p. 1.
  7. ↑ Félix Eugène Edmond Humblot at structurae.info, accessed on August 1, 2019
  8. ↑ a b Le pont levant de la rue de Crimée at unjourdeplusaparis.com, accessed on July 30, 2019

Coordinates: 48 ° 53 '18.1 "  N , 2 ° 22' 45.9"  E