Magnificent Mullein

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Magnificent Mullein
Verbascum speciosum sl10.jpg

Magnificent Mullein ( Verbascum speciosum )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Figwort family (Scrophulariaceae)
Genre : Mullein ( Verbascum )
Type : Magnificent Mullein
Scientific name
Verbascum speciosum
Schrad.

The magnificent mullein ( Verbascum speciosum ) is a species of mullein ( Verbascum ).

description

The splendid mullein is a stately, biennial , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 100 to 150 centimeters, sometimes up to 2 meters. The stem is angular. As an adaptation to drought, the foliage leaf region is conspicuously conical in shape, this guides the rainwater to the roots. The leaves are hairy gray-yellow-tomentose on both sides. The upper stem leaves are rounded, eye- catching and encompassing the stem, all stem leaves have a cartilaginous hump below their knot.

The flowering time is in June, sometimes until July. The branched, racemose total inflorescence is composed of many annual partial inflorescences . The flowers are 18 to 30 mm in diameter. The yellow petals and five stamens are all covered with yellowish-whitish hairs ( trichomes ).

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30 or 36.

As with all mullein, hybrids are not uncommon.

Occurrence

The splendor mullein occurs in Europe in east- central and especially in south-east Europe . In addition, its range includes the Ukraine, Moldova, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia.

In the German-speaking countries, the splendid mullein is only native to Austria, where it can be found very rarely in disturbed dry grassland, on oak forest edges, on downy oak forest clearings and railway and vineyard embankments in the colline elevation ( hill country ). It occurs exclusively in the Pannonian area . The occurrences extend to the federal states of Northern Burgenland , Vienna , Lower Austria and perhaps Upper Austria . Some of these populations are likely to be overgrown cultural relics from former special cultures for the production of walking sticks . The splendid mullein is considered endangered in Austria.

In Germany, Verbascum speciosum has so far been found as a naturalized neophyte in Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , North Rhine-Westphalia , Hesse , southern Saxony-Anhalt and Lower Saxony as well as in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Hamburg .

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Verbascum speciosum Schrad. subsp. speciosum
  • Verbascum speciosum subsp. megaphlomos (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman : It occurs in Greece.

  • Habitus

  • Stem leaves with a cartilaginous hump below their knot

  • inflorescence

  • Annual rosettes

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
  • Magistrate of the City of Vienna - Vienna Environmental Protection Department - MA22: Protected Plants in Vienna , Vienna 2007

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Verbascum speciosum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ^ Verbascum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  3. ↑ Rothmaler, Jäger et al .: Rothmaler; Excursion flora of Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Edition 20, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011. ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  4. ↑ Yearbook Bochumer Botanischer Verein 2011: Sumser, H., Sporbert, M., Sonneborn, I. & Jagel, A .: Current occurrences of the splendid mullein (Verbascum speciosum Schrad.) In North Rhine-Westphalia (PDF; 3 MB)
  5. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Scrophulariaceae. : Datasheet Verbascum speciosum In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Splendor Mullein  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files