Primidon
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| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-proprietary name | Primidon | ||||||||||||||||||
| other names |
5-ethyl-5-phenyldihydropyrimidine-4,6-dione ( IUPAC ) |
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| Molecular formula | C 12 H 14 N 2 O 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Brief description |
tasteless crystals |
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| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 218.25 g · mol -1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| Melting point |
281-282 ° C |
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| solubility |
soluble in organic solvents, slightly soluble in water |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Primidone ( deoxyphenobarbital ) is an antispasmodic drug from the group of anticonvulsants that is used for the long-term treatment of certain forms of epilepsy . Primidone is a prodrug that is at least partially metabolized to phenobarbital in the body .
Mechanism of action
Once absorbed into the body, primidone is rapidly metabolized to phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide. Primidone and its metabolite phenobarbital act by increasing the GABAergic inhibition at the barbiturate binding site of the GABA A receptor . The other metabolite phenylethylmalonamide plays a subordinate role.
application areas
Due to the unfavorable side effect profile, Primidone is now mainly used as a reserve drug for otherwise therapy-resistant focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. It can also be used in myoclonic seizures if the first-line remedy fails. Primidon is the second choice for essential tremor .
Side effects
Depending on the dose, fatigue, slowing down, dizziness, blurred vision, balance disorders and depression occur . Dose-independent allergic skin rashes are described in about 5–10% of cases. Chronic ingestion can lead to cognitive impairment, behavioral disorders, depressive moods and concentration disorders, as well as disorders of calcium metabolism with softening of the bones, changes in blood formation and connective tissue. Furthermore, due to the enzyme-inducing effect, interactions with many other drugs can occur. In particular, if hormonal contraceptives are used at the same time, their effectiveness may be impaired.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Entry on Primidon. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on March 5, 2014.
- ↑ a b c Datasheet Primidone at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 12, 2017 ( PDF ).
Trade names
Mylepsinum (D), Mysoline (A, CH), Generic (D), Liskantin (D)
