Castelfeder protest rally
In the Castelfeder protest rally on May 30, 1946, the citizens of the South Tyrolean lowlands demanded that the southern border of the province of Bolzano be relocated to the Salurner Klause . During the fascist regime, most of the valley was not allocated to the predominantly German-speaking province of Bozen ( South Tyrol ), but to the Italian-speaking province of Trento ( Trentino ).
prehistory
After the end of the First World War and the peace treaty of Saint-Germain signed on September 10, 1919, most of Tyrol south of the main Alpine ridge was annexed to Italy on October 10, 1920.
In 1921 these formerly Austrian areas were merged to form the unified province "Venezia Tridentina". On January 2, 1927, the area was divided into the predominantly German-speaking province of Bolzano and the Italian-speaking province of Trento by decree. The provincial border was not drawn at the language border at the Salurner Klause , but further north between Laives and Branzoll , whereby the majority of the largely German-speaking lowlands of the province of Trento was added. This increased the pressure to assimilate the lowlands, promoted the Italianization at great expense and the targeted immigration of Italian families.
After the capitulation of Italy on 8 September 1943 in the Second World War, which was directed Nazi administration the Operational Zone of the Alpine Foothills , which in addition to South Tyrol and the provinces of Trento and Belluno included. On September 10th, the judicial district of Neumarkt as well as the municipalities of Truden , the fraction Altrei and the four municipalities of Deutschnonsberg were again attached to Bolzano.
When the Italians took over administration in South Tyrol after the end of the war in May 1945, the old provincial border from 1927 was restored, which reassigned most of the lowlands to the province of Trento.
Protest rally
The South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP) was founded in South Tyrol on May 8, 1945 and immediately began to campaign for self-determination. Various rallies and signatures were organized across the country. In the lowlands, however, such events were banned by the prefect of Trento.
Only on May 30, 1946, after repeated requests, could a protest rally be held on the porphyry hill Castelfeder near Montan . This was organized by the SVP district, and the influx of Unterlanders was very large despite the pouring rain. All age groups and classes were mobilized and were represented in large numbers. Important representatives of the Unterlandler Society took the floor at the rally and loudly demanded the return of the Unterland.
On November 28, 1947, another rally took place in Neumarkt under the motto "Salurn and Neumarkt are indivisible to the Unterland and the Unterland are indivisible to South Tyrol" against the government's plan to tear the district apart.
consequences
The Unterland became part of the province of Bolzano when the First Statute of Autonomy came into force in 1948.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Martha Stocker : Our story - South Tyrol 1914–1992 in Streiflichtern. Bolzano: Athesia Verlag 2006
- ↑ a b Municipality of Kurtinig (ed.): Kurtinig - A village on the language border in the past and present , Athesia Verlag 1998. (online)
Coordinates: 46 ° 20 ′ 15.7 ″ N , 11 ° 17 ′ 20.7 ″ E