Belluno

Belluno
Country	Italy
region	Veneto
province	Belluno (BL)
Local name	Belùn / Bełun
Coordinates	46 ° 8 ' N , 12 ° 13' E Coordinates: 46 ° 8 '23 " N , 12 ° 13' 1" E
height	390 m slm
surface	147.18 km²
Residents	35,872 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	244 inhabitants / km²
Factions	Antole, Bes, Bolzano Bellunese, Caleipo, Castion, Castoi, Cavessago, Cavarzano, Cet, Chiesurazza, Cirvoi, Col di Salce, Cusighe, Faverga, Fiammoi, Giamosa, Giazzoi, Levego, Madeago, Miér, Nevegal, Orzes, Pedeserva, Rivamaor , Safforze, Sala, Salce, San Pietro in Campo, Sargnano, Sois, Sopracroda, Sossai, Tassei, Tisoi, Vezzano, Vignole, Visome
Post Code	32100; 32024
prefix	0437
ISTAT number	025006
Popular name	Bellunesi
Patron saint	San Martino (November 11th)
Website	Belluno

Belluno ( Venetian : Bełun , German outdated: Beilun ) is a city in northern Italy with 35,872 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). It is the capital of the province of the same name in Veneto and is located on the Piave River .

Belluno was named Alpine City of the Year in 1999 .

history

Belluno with cathedral

In the 5th century BC In the area of today's Belluno the Venetian and Celtic tribes settled , who gave the later city its name: "Belluno" probably comes from the Celtic expression "belo-donum", which means "light hill". About 300 years later, in the 2nd century BC BC, Belluno became the Roman imperial city "Bellunum".

After the fall of the Roman Empire in the turmoil of the Great Migration around 500, the city was repeatedly attacked and captured by the Teutons , but was finally recaptured by Justinian until it fell to the Lombards around 580 . At the end of the 8th century, Belluno finally came under Carolingian rule.

In the 10th century, Giovanni II, Bishop of Belluno , extended his area of influence to Cadore , Jesolo , Bassano and Venzone .

1249 conquered Ezzelino da Romano , the city, to which the rule of Camineser and Scaliger followed.

In 1360 Belluno was added to the territory of Carrara , in 1404 it was ceded to Venice .

From 1508 to 1512 Belluno took part in Venice's war against the League of Cambrai .

In the next few years, new crops became known in Europe, such as beans, maize or potatoes, which greatly changed the structure of the farms in Belluno.

In 1797 the Napoleonic troops marched into Belluno, followed by almost ten years of rule by the French and Austrians , until Belluno became the capital of the Dipartimento del Piave in the newly founded Italian kingdom in 1806 .

After the fall of Napoléon I in 1815, the Belluno region was incorporated into the Kingdom of Lombardy-Veneto . While in 1848 there was still a strong striving for independence among the inhabitants of Belluno, the city joined the Kingdom of Italy 18 years later together with Veneto as provincial capital .

In 1886 construction began on the Treviso- Belluno railway line , which was extended to Calalzo until 1914 .

After the First World War and the annexation of South Tyrol and Trentino , the south-eastern part of the latter was separated together with Cortina d'Ampezzo and assigned to the province of Belluno.

In the years 1943–1945 there was great resistance among the population to the regime of the fascist Repubblica Sociale Italiana, which was dependent on Germany . Numerous citizens joined the Resistance and fought against Mussolini's troops and the German armed forces .

On October 9, 1963, the Vajont reservoir stepped over the intact dam wall due to a landslide, whereupon 50 million cubic meters of water spilled into the valley. Several villages were completely destroyed; there were almost 2,000 deaths and the effects of the accident were also felt in Belluno, about 20 km away.

The Belluno State Archives have existed since 1973 . In 1990 the Belluno Dolomites National Park was established.

traffic

A few kilometers northeast of Belluno, at Ponte nelle Alpi , the A27 autostrada coming from the south meets the Strada Statale 51 di Alemagna coming from the north . Belluno is connected to this transport axis via Strada Statale 50 del Grappa e del Passo Rolle , which leads in a south-westerly direction to Feltre and Trentino . Belluno has a train station and a small airfield for general aviation.