Watery Mürbling
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Watery Mürbling ( Psathyrella piluliformis ) |
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| Psathyrella piluliformis | ||||||||||||
| ( Bull .: Fr. ) PD Orton |
The Aqueous Mürbling or Aqueous Fibers ( Psathyrella piluliformis , Syn. P. hydrophila ) is a type of fungus from the family of the Mürbling relatives (Psathyrellaceae). Due to the fringing of white velum residues on the hats of young fruiting bodies, it is sometimes also called watery seam fungus , although it does not belong to the genus of seam fungi ( Lacrymaria ). Because of its similarity to the common stick sponge , it is also known as a white-stemmed stick sponge without any relationship .
features
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Macroscopic features
The hat measures 2–6 cm in diameter, is grooved on the edge and hung with remnants of a fine, fibrous partial cover ( Velum partiale). The shape is hemispherical when young and later arched bell-shaped, often wrinkled and sometimes bluntly hunched. The surface is matt and changes its appearance when damp ( hygrophanity ): dry it is yellow to ocher brown, when wet it is dark red brown. The meat also changes color between dry light brownish / beige and moist gray-brownish. There is a pale, thready, fleeting veil on the dark brim of the hat. The lamellae are whitish to pale brown when young and gradually turn darker to chocolate brown as the spores ripen. They stand close together and are broad on the stem. The white, longitudinally fibrous stalk is 4–8 (-10) centimeters long, 3–7 mm thin, cylindrically shaped, often bent, without a ring, hollow and breaks easily. Its surface is (dirty) whitish and colored brown towards the base, somewhat marbled and silky and grooved towards the tip. It smells faintly mushroom-like and tastes mild or sometimes bitter.
Microscopic features
The umber-brown and smooth-walled spores grow in groups of four on each basidia . They measure 4.5–6.5 × 3–4 micrometers, are elliptical in shape and have an inconspicuous germ pore. There are Schnallenverbindgungen , 22-40 × 8-14 micron size Cheilo- Zystiden and plentiful (30-) 36-48 (-56) × 9-16 (-20) micrometers wide pleuro-Zystiden in Trama present.
Species delimitation
Several species living on dead wood with yellow to brown hats can potentially be mistaken for confusion. Differentiating related species is considered difficult, even when taking microscopic features into account. For mushroom eaters, the poisonous green-leaved sulfur head is a particularly dangerous possibility of confusion. The chocolate-brown fiber lump ( Psathyrella spadicea ) is particularly difficult to distinguish, but is usually twice as large and stronger (stronger stem), has no velum, larger, paler spores and crystal-bearing ( metuloid) cystide and grows preferentially in diseased coniferous and deciduous trees. The tufted fibrous lump ( Psathyrella multipedata ) fructifies on the ground and often in very large tufts or several clusters standing together and has a more conical hat shape and significantly smaller (1 to 2 compared to 2 to 6 centimeters in diameter) hats. The common stick sponge ( Kuehneromyces mutabilis ) has a brown scaly stem with a ring. The hanging fiber lint ( Psathyrella candolleana ) is lighter in color and does not only bear fruit in autumn.
Ecology and phenology
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The watery Mürbling grows as a saprobiont on rotten, dead hardwood (preferably red beech or oak), rarely also on coniferous wood. It fructifies in clumps on tree stumps from August to November. Its fruiting bodies have rarely been found on the ground or at the base of sick trees.
distribution
It occurs in Europe and North America (probably worldwide) and lives at lower altitudes (much less often in the mountainous region, absent in the mountains) and is not common, but at least in Germany it is not endangered anywhere and is adaptable. The watery mürbling is common in Germany. In the 2000 mushroom mapping, 158 finds are recorded in the last 10 years. This suggests that the species is common. The northernmost find is in the Wohldorfer Wald (HH). The southernmost find was mapped in the Buchenberg Forest (Bavaria). The state with the most found reports is Bavaria with a total of 24 found reports.
Systematics and taxonomy
The official first description goes back to Jean Baptiste François Bulliard , who described the species in 1783 in his "Herbier de la France" or "Collection complète des plantes indigènes de ce royaume".
meaning
It is considered conditionally edible or inedible and is bland and not tolerable for everyone. It is said to have a blood sugar lowering effect.
swell
- ↑ David Arora: Mushrooms Demystified . a Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Ed .: Ten Speed Press. Berkeley, California 1986, ISBN 0-89815-169-4 (English).
- ↑ http://www.vielepilze.de/selten/psat/bekannt/piluliformis/sumpiluliformis.html
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 304.
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: Edible mushrooms and their poisonous doppelgangers . Collect mushrooms - the right way. Kosmos Verlags-GmbH, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-440-10240-4 , p. 129 .
- ↑ Gerlinde Hausner: Mushrooms . The most important edible and poison mushrooms. 2nd Edition. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-405-13811-6 , p. 96 .
- ^ Ian Gibson: Psathyrella in the Pacific Northwest. In: South Vancouver Island Mycological Society website. Pacific Northwest Key Council, 2007, accessed September 14, 2011 .
- ^ Jean Baptiste François Bulliard : Herbier de la France ou Collection complete des plantes indigenes de ce royaume . leurs proprits, et leurs usages en medecine. No. 112 . Paris 1780 (French, archive.org ).
