Rüdesheimer Berg
The Rüdesheimer Berg includes several of the best vineyards in the Rheingau . It begins to the west of Rüdesheim am Rhein and extends beyond Ehrenfels Castle , where the Rhine turns its direction of flow from west to northwest. In 2005, 83 hectares of the 94.9 hectares in total were planted. Riesling accounted for well over 90% of this .
Soil and climate
The Rüdesheimer Berg is essentially oriented to the south, only in the westernmost part to the southwest. The slope is up to 60 degrees. Until the 1970s, the vineyards consisted of countless small plots separated by dry stone walls . A land consolidation formed larger units from them. The non-land-cleared areas from the Ehrenfels ruins in the direction of Assmannshausen have now fallen almost completely fallow, and a farm and hiking trail to Assmannshausen can still clearly see the impressive vineyard walls on the partly bushed parcels. The soil of the Rüdesheimer Berg consists of Taunus - quartzite and slate in varying proportions. In shallower areas these are mixed with loess and clay .
The climate of the Rüdesheimer Berg is extraordinarily mild. The proximity of the broad river Rhine prevents late frosts. Solar radiation and the amount of heat are the highest in the entire Rheingau wine-growing region . The optimal winding ensures a healthy, dry microclimate.
Single layers
The Rüdesheimer Berg has consisted of four individual vineyards since the site restructuring in 1970 . From east to west these are:
- Berg Rottland (34.7 ha): The name means "cleared section Land" and goes on a medieval donation of the Mainzer bishop Bardo returned to the Rüdesheimer winegrowers. The vineyard beginning on the western outskirts of Rüdesheim is ideally oriented to the south and has a gradient of 33%. At its core is the former prime location Rüdesheimer Bronnen . The locations Steinkaut , Hinterhaus , Wilgert , Linngrub and Kronnest were awarded to her . The soil consists of gray slate, quartzite and gravel with a light loess cover. This is where the grapes ripen earliest. The microclimate regularly enables the generation of high ratings such as Auslese and Beerenauslesen . The wines of Rottland are characterized by a high degree of maturity, a nuanced acidity and great harmony. You build ten years or more in the basement.
- Berg Roseneck (26.7 ha): The name is derived from "rose hedge" and alludes to the wild roses and sloes that grow on the emerging rocks. The vineyard connects to the west and above the mountain Rottland. It is not homogeneous, but consists of two parts: The eastern slope above the Rottland is flatter with medium to deep loess and loam. The wines are more acidic here. The bottom of the western, lower and steeper part is made of Taunus quartzite. It stores the sun's heat particularly well, but is also drier. The wines are delicate and very rich in extract.
- Berg Schlossberg (25.3 ha): The Berg Schlossberg originally only comprised the vineyards around the Zollburg Ehrenfels . The vineyard faces exactly south and is particularly steep with a slope of up to 60 degrees . The medium-deep quartzite and red slate soil also stores solar energy particularly well. The amount of radiation and light is the highest in the entire Rheingau. In very dry years, water shortages can hinder the development of high levels of ripeness. Berg Schlossberg produces spicy, classy and very sustainable Rieslings with an exceptionally finely honed acidity.
- Berg Kaisersteinfels (8.2 ha): The westernmost and smallest part of the Rüdesheimer Berg lies in a south-westerly position above the Ehrenfels ruins. The steep quartz slate terraces lay fallow for a long time. They produce wines with strong minerality and strong acidity.
Producer
The Rüdesheimer Berg was built neither by monks nor by nobles, but by the residents of the city of Rüdesheim. This fact is still reflected in the ownership structure today. In contrast to most of the top locations in the Rheingau, it can therefore be described as a "bourgeois" vineyard. The main producers are in alphabetical order:
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history
The first vines were probably planted in the 9th century on the Rüdesheimer Berg. Allegedly, Charlemagne had the Orleans vine planted on the Kaisersteinfels. In the 11th century, the Archbishop of Mainz Bardo (reign 1031-1051) caused the clearing of the Rottland mountain. In 1074 Archbishop Siegfried left the Bischofsberg named after him to the Rüdesheimers to plant vineyards. One of his successors, Archbishop Heinrich , transferred his tithe rights from Berg Rottland in 1143 to the Mainz Sankt-Viktorstift , which sold them to the Counts of Ingelheim at the beginning of the 18th century - they were not revoked until 1841. With the construction of Ehrenfels Castle in 1211, the first plantings in what is now Berg Schlossberg probably went hand in hand. Around 1200, parcels of the Roseneck mountain were finally mentioned for the first time.
Up until modern times, the vineyards consisted of hundreds of tiny terraces. Around 1700 the mule tracks were replaced by paved paths with dry stone walls on the mountain side . Of course, these no longer met the requirements of modern viticulture; the vineyards, which can only be cultivated with laborious manual labor, were threatened with abandonment in the long run. In the 1950s there was therefore the first land consolidation in the western part of Rottland, in which paved roads were created. Between 1970 and 1985 the large land consolidation took place, in which the small plots were replaced by large terraces. The reorganization of the vineyards through the new wine law passed in 1971 merged the numerous historical individual vineyards into the current four.
Web links
- Description of the individual layers of the Rüdesheimer Berg
- The Rüdesheim vineyards. Excerpt from the Rheingau wine region map from Dr. Hans Ambrosi, September 1991 ( Memento from March 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- Exact outline of the locations at Weinlage-Info
Individual evidence
- ↑ July 14, 1971 ( Federal Law Gazette I, p. 893 )
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 ′ 34.6 " N , 7 ° 53 ′ 52.2" E