Randeck (Mulda)
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Randeck
Community Mulda / Sa.
Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ′ 47 ″ N , 13 ° 23 ′ 26 ″ E
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| Incorporation : | August 1, 1934 | |
| Postal code : | 09619 | |
| Area code : | 037320 | |
Location of Randeck in Saxony |
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Randeck is a former Waldhufendorf , today a district of the Saxon community Mulda / Sa. is in the district of Central Saxony . It is considered to be the oldest watchmaker and violin maker village in the Ore Mountains.
geography
location
Randeck is about 10 kilometers south of Freiberg in the Ore Mountains . The location extends on the lower reaches of the Helbigsdorfer Bach to the Freiberger Mulde . The structural transition between Randeck and Mulda is almost fluid today. State road 210 Großhartmannsdorf – Mulda
runs through the village .
Neighboring places
| Weigmannsdorf | Lichtenberg | |
| Helbigsdorf |
.svg)
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Mulda |
| Zethau |
history
In 1331 a certain Cunzelinus dictus Randecker is called, the first place name form dates from 1387 as to Randecke .
In terms of church, Randeck has belonged to Helbigsdorf since the Reformation in 1539.
Before 1545 the nunnery in Freiberg exercised the manorial rule. In that year, Duke Moritz sold it to the Council of Freiberg. He only owned it until 1548 and sold it to von Schönberg . From 1605 it belonged to the Dörnthal manor, in 1764 it became an administrative village.
A school is said to have existed in Randeck as early as 1667. When the Parish of Helbigsdorf was founded, the local students went to the church school in Helbigsdorf . A new school building was inaugurated on November 16, 1882.
August Schumann mentions Randeck in the State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony in 1821 regarding, among other things:
- "The place contains almost 30 houses and around 200 residents, who mostly deal with agriculture (excellent good flax cultivation ) and strong cattle breeding, but otherwise also with the manufacture of sleds, benches and other wooden implements, also various handicrafts and basketry.
The 9, mostly beautifully built estates include 13 hooves ; Of these, 2½, as the actual hereditary court corridors, are free from tension and magazine cutters. [...]
The court has large and good buildings, a clock tower, a newly built, secluded tavern; a lime kiln and a strong field with excellent hollow meadows. Under it lies a pretty grinding and cutting mill. [...]
There are still some traces of the mining industry that used to be here. A hundred years ago, several stocking workers lived in Randeck, including a few clock and violin makers. "
In the work "New Saxon Church Gallery" from 1901 it further states:
- "[...] the lime kiln as well as a brick factory that was set up later was also closed [...] What is striking is the large number of mills in the village (four), which serve a wide variety of purposes. Finally, the mine on Zethauer Strasse, the “König-August-Erbstolln”, an admittedly only poorly occupied private mine, from which mainly heavy spar is extracted, should not go unmentioned. [...]
Agriculture, which was predominant here in earlier centuries, has been preserved as the main foodstuff up to the most recent times, but there are also craftsmen, chair makers and turners who make use of water power, to be found here, although their numbers the earlier times when hosiery, watchmaker and violin maker, wheelwright and basket weaver were all mentioned at the same time. "
There is evidence of mining in the village until 1911. On August 1, 1934, Randeck was united with Mulda to form the municipality of Mulda-Randeck. The addition to the name Randeck was dropped on January 25, 1941.
Development of the population
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Instrument construction on site
Overall, in a period from the middle of the 16th century. By the middle of the 18th century there were around 35 violin makers in Randeck and the neighboring village of Helbigsdorf, so that one can speak of a violin making center. The Randecker violins a. a. except for the fair in Leipzig.
Famous representatives of local instrument making came from the Klemm family, who were violin makers, who could be traced back to the village with the beginning of the church records from 1550 to around 1720. The original instruments can still be seen in Freiberg Cathedral today. Between 1585 and 1594, 30 angel figures with the instruments covered with gold leaf were erected in the funeral chapel of the cathedral. In 1998, during renovation work in the chapel, scientific examinations were carried out using x-rays and computer tomographies, among other things. Violin notes with the signature "Baul Klemmes / Zu ran deck G" by Paul Klemm were found in four instruments. According to the results of the investigations, there are many indications that most of the other instruments also come from Georg Klemm's workshop or other family members.
Violin making in Randeck experienced a massive turning point in the Thirty Years' War and the associated plague wave in 1632, from which it never really recovered. The founding of a violin makers' guild in Markneukirchen in 1677 created a competitive situation that local violin makers were unable to cope with and which finally ceased in the middle of the 18th century.
Others
Randeck and the neighboring town of Helbigsdorf are scenes in the 2010 historical novel Die Lautenspielerin by Constanze Wilken .
literature
Randeck . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 8th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1821, pp. 752-754.
Web links
- Randeck in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ On the story of Randeck ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 12, 2011
- ↑ a b cf. Randeck in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Randeck . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 8th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1821, p. 754.
- ^ The parish of Helbigsdorf. in: G. Buchwald (Ed.): New Saxon Church Gallery, Ephorie Freiberg. Strauch Verlag, Leipzig 1901, Sp. 254–255 ( digitized version )
- ↑ a b Randeck . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 8th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1821, p. 752 f.
- ^ The parish of Helbigsdorf. in: G. Buchwald (Ed.): New Saxon Church Gallery, Ephorie Freiberg. Strauch Verlag, Leipzig 1901, Sp. 243–244 ( digitized version )
- ^ The Sachsenbuch, Kommunal-Verlag Sachsen KG, Dresden, 1943, pages 237, 239
- ^ The Sachsenbuch, Kommunal-Verlag Sachsen KG, Dresden, 1943, page 237
- ↑ a b Eszter Fontana, Veit Heller and Steffen Lieberwirth: When angels make music - musical instruments from 1594 in Freiberg Cathedral. 2nd edition, Verlag Janos Stekovics 2008, p. 51 ff.
- ^ Church book of the parish Helbigsdorf 1547-1603
- ↑ Dr. Eszter Fontana: String and plucked instrument making in Saxony around 1600 ( Memento of the original from August 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 17, 2011
- ↑ Philip Bethge: Orchestra of Heavenly Messengers , accessed on August 17, 2011
