Rocket-like double seed

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Rocket-like double seed
Rocket-like double seed (Diplotaxis erucoides)

Rocket-like double seed ( Diplotaxis erucoides )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Brassiceae
Genre : Double seeds ( diplotaxis )
Type : Rocket-like double seed
Scientific name
Diplotaxis erucoides
( L. ) DC.

The rocket-like double seed ( Diplotaxis erucoides ) is a type of plant from the genus double seed ( Diplotaxis ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

Illustration from Flore coloriée de poche du littoral méditerranéen de Gênes à Barcelone y compris la Corse, 1902
Young umbellate inflorescence and flowers in detail
Older inflorescence during the transition to infructescence
Seeds
Stock in vineyard

Vegetative characteristics

The rocket-like double seed grows as an annual or biennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 50 centimeters. The stem is branched. The aboveground parts of the plant are coarsely hairy.

The leaves are arranged in a basal rosette and alternately distributed on the stem. The basal leaves are pinnately lobed to -part and sometimes lyre-shaped. The stem leaves are simpler and more or less encompassing the stem.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time is all year round. The inflorescence axis of the inflorescence , which is initially umbrella- shaped , extends to a loose, racemose fruit stand until the fruit is ripe .

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and four-fold. The downy hairy sepals are 5 to 6 millimeters long. The petals are 5 to 13 millimeters long; they are white with violet nerves and turn violet as they fade.

The angular fruit stalk is almost upright. The pod is linear with a length of 1 to 5 centimeters and, due to the seeds, has two rows of bumps (common name). The pod is beaten 2 to 6 millimeters long . The seeds are ellipsoidal with a length of 0.75 to 1 millimeter.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The rocket-like double seed originally occurs mainly in the Mediterranean area. There are localities for Portugal , Spain (including the Balearic Islands ), France (including Corsica ), Italy (including Sardinia and Sicily ), Morocco , northern Algeria , Tunisia , Egypt , on the Sinai Peninsula , in Saudi Arabia , Yemen , Israel , Syria , Jordan , Lebanon , Iraq and western Iran . For example in Québec , New York , Argentina, Slovenia and Croatia it is a neophyte .

The rocket-like double seed thrives on cultivated land, especially in vineyards and fallow land .

Systematics

The first publication under the name ( Basionym ) Sinapis erucoides took place in 1756 by Carl von Linné in Centuria II. Plantarum , page 24. The specific epithet erucoides means "rock-like". The new combination to Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC. was established in 1821 by Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle in Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale , Volume 2, page 631, by classifying this species in the genus Diplotaxis newly established by him . Other synonyms for Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC. are: Brassica erucoides (L.) Boiss. , Diplotaxis hispidula Ten. , Diplotaxis leiocarpa Gand. , Diplotaxis longisiliqua Gand. , Diplotaxis platystylos Willk. , Diplotaxis ruscinonensis Gand. , Diplotaxis sagoti Gand. , Diplotaxis valentina Pau , Diplotaxis versicolor Porta , Diplotaxis virgata var. Platystylos Willk. Spach , Euzomum erucoides , Malcolmia arabica Velen. , Sinapis apula Ten. , Sisymbrium erucoides (L.) Desf. , Diplotaxis erucoides var. Valentina (Pau) OESchulz .

There are authors who differentiate between two subspecies:

  • Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC. subsp. erucoides
  • Diplotaxis erucoides subsp. longisiliqua (Coss.) Gómez-Campo : It occurs only in Morocco.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 148.
  2. ↑ a b c data sheet Diplotaxis erucoides with photos from Flora Vascular .
  3. ↑ Diplotaxis erucoides at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ a b Diplotaxis erucoides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Accessed July 31, 2020.
  5. ↑ a b c Diplotaxis erucoides at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 31, 2020.
  6. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Brassicaceae. : Datasheet Diplotaxis erucoides In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Rocket-like double seed ( Diplotaxis erucoides )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files