Tear Island
| Reissinsel nature reserve | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Location: | Baden-Wuerttemberg , Germany | ||
| Next city: | Mannheim | ||
| Surface: | 1.00 km² | ||
| Founding: | 1950 | ||
 |
|||
The Reissinsel is a nature reserve and a forest in Mannheim .
location
The Reissinsel is not a real island, but lies west of the Neckarau district in an arc of the Rhine that was not included in the straightening of the Rhine by the engineer Tulla . It is framed in the west by the Rhine between river kilometers 420.050 and 422.220 and bordered to the east to the forest park landscape protection area by the narrow arm of the Rhine "Bellenkrappen" (" curved arm overgrown with poplars "). Together with the forest park, it forms an area of 275 hectares that is not protected by dams and is therefore regularly flooded by the Rhine during floods, depending on the water level.
The approximately 1.7 km long Barkkrappen is part of the nature reserve. It was originally an open arm of the Rhine, but its southern tributary was closed in the 19th century when corrections were made as part of the straightening of the Rhine . In the south it ends with a loop around the "cuckoo island". Its water level is determined by the level of the Rhine with its inflow at the northern end of the Reiss Island.
Characteristic
The 100 hectare area is one of the most important bird resting places in the Rhine valley . The northern area has the status of a protected forest , which means that there is no forestry intervention and the forest is left to its own devices. The rest of the Reißinsel is classified as a protected forest. In the softwood floodplain , white willow and poplar grow predominantly, and on the higher hardwood floodplain , common oak , ash and hornbeam . Within the forest water bearing flood gutters are with reed reeds along the banks. Rare plant species such as adder tongues , edged leek or donkey milkweed can be found in the meadows . In the middle of the island there is a large orchard meadow . Undisturbed closeness to nature and diversity favor the biodiversity. About 60 species of birds breed on the Reissinsel, u. a. Kingfisher , middle woodpecker , black kite , little owl and reed warbler .
A 4.3 km long circular path leads across the Reissinsel, on which visitors can experience the proximity to the animal and plant world. During the breeding season, the Reißinsel is closed to visitors from March 1st to June 30th.
history
Carl Reiss (1843–1914) acquired the peninsula, which at that time was still called Pheasant Island, in 1881 to extract clay for brickworks. The beauty of nature then moved him to make the island available to the citizens of Mannheim. From 1900 he organized play festivals for the city's children.
Extract from Carl Reiss' will from 1911:
“I am making the city of Mannheim my universal heir. [...] The pheasant island in Neckarau belongs to my estate. [...] The island is to be kept in its current condition as far as possible and handed over to the general public free of charge. The island should be preserved forever and serve the residents of my hometown for recreation. […] I give the municipality to set up playgrounds for the youth to the greatest extent possible, and to also organize other events at the mayor's discretion. As long as it exists, the island has been called 'Tear Island'. "
In 1927, the town of Reiss realized that it was on the one hand to enable games, sport and recreation for the population and on the other hand to preserve nature in its original state by separating part of the area and setting up a bathing area and largely access to the other part blocked. In 1950 the island was placed under nature protection.
In the 1970s, the hardwood floodplain was also affected by the great elm disease, to which most of the elms there fell victim. First nettles took their place, then bushes and hedges and finally other tree species.
After the Reissinsel had only been open to the public on Sundays, a major development began in 1970. Four new entrances were created, including a wooden footbridge over the Bellenkrappen near the Stephanienufer . The result was great pressure on the sensitive flora and fauna. In 1982 the protected and protected forest areas were established. In 1990 four of the five entrances were permanently closed and two years later the island was completely closed to the population during the breeding season. The footbridge was demolished. Only at the southern end of the madder was there an entrance.
See also
Web links
- Profile of the nature reserve in the LUBW's list of protected areas
literature
- Heinz Baumann: Mannheim Perspectives . Festschrift for Hans Reschke . Mannheimer Morgen , Mannheim 1974 (without ISBN).
- Thomas Breunig, Siegfried Demuth: Nature guide Mannheim. Discoveries in the square . Ed .: City of Mannheim, District Office for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Karlsruhe. Regional culture publishing house, Ubstadt-Weiher 2000, ISBN 3-89735-132-3 .
- Wilhelm Föhner on behalf of the Badische Heimat regional association: The Reissinsel as a nature reserve . Documentation "Mannheim", annual issue of the Badische Heimat. Ed .: Eris Busse. 1927, p. 65–77 ( online ( Memento from February 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 1.1 MB)).
Individual evidence
- ↑ City of Mannheim: Ordinance of the Karlsruhe Regional Council on the "Reissinsel" nature reserve of November 30, 1983 (Journal of Laws of January 13, 1984, p. 11). (PDF, 224 kB) Retrieved April 5, 2014 .
- ↑ cf. Probst, Hansjörg: Seckenheim: History of a Kurpfälzer Village - Mannheim, 1981. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 99 , accessed on September 23, 2018 (No. 189, the word “Krappen”).
- ↑ Profile of the Schonwald in the LUBW's list of protected areas
- ^ City of Mannheim: nature reserves. (PDF; 4 MB) pp. 86–87 , accessed on April 5, 2014 .
