Reinhold Nixdorf

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Reinhold Nixdorf (born October 19, 1890 in Breslau ; † July 1, 1934 in a forest area near Obernigk and Breslau- Deutsch-Lissa ) was a German SA leader in the rank of Sturmhauptführer . In 1934 he was a victim of the so-called Röhm Putsch .

Life

After the First World War , in which Nixdorf had participated as a soldier, he joined a volunteer corps . In the 1920s he developed into a leading member of the SA in Silesia , which played a major role in the rise of National Socialism there in the 1930s . On October 7, 1933, Nixdorf rose in the SA from Obersturmführer to the rank of Sturmhauptführer. During this time he acted as a "leader" for special use in the staff of the SA Brigade in Breslau under SA Oberführer Wilhelm Heerde . Then he changed to the staff of the SA-Obergruppenführer VIII, Edmund Heines , who was stationed in Wroclaw and also served as Wroclaw's police chief . Nixdorf and Heines were already acquainted with each other from their time together in the Freikorps Roßbach . Under Heine's leadership, the Silesian SA occupied itself in particular with gaining control over units of the "border guards" and with arming itself in view of a confrontation with the Reichswehr and setting up its own barracks. As a member of the SA Feldjäger Corps , Nixdorf also had the task of carrying out “police” operations within National Socialist organizations and against opponents of National Socialism.

When the leadership of the NSDAP and other NS organizations perceived the increase in power of the SA as threatening, Hermann Göring, in the course of the so-called Röhm Putsch on June 30, 1934, sent the SS- Oberabschnittsführer Südost Udo von Woyrsch by telegram that " considerable parts of the SA under Chief of Staff Röhm had made all preparations for a coup d'état ”and ordered Nixdorf to be arrested in addition to Edmund and Oskar Heines (1903–1934), Hans Ramshorn , Eberhard von Wechmar , Karl Belding , Herbert Ender and Ludwig Werner Engels . Nixdorf is said to have come to the police headquarters in Breslau by chance in the morning of June 30th and was arrested there by SS men who took him to the SS building on Breslauer Sternstrasse with the other arrested persons. A telegram signed by Heinrich Himmler then ordered the arrested SA men to be shot. Under the command of SS-Obersturmbannführer Friedrich Schlums, a commander of the 16th SS standard "Lower Elbe" under Rudolf Lohse (1904–1944), Nixdorf and the SA men Kurt Engelhardt (1891–1934), Karl Lipinski (1896– 1934), Otto Stucken (1896–1934), Belding and von Wechmar in a forest area near Breslau and under the execution command of SS Sturmführer Fritz Mohr, who had a personal argument with Nixdorf, on the night of July 1, 1934 shot. The death certificate states 2 to 3 a.m. as the time of the shootings .

The corpses were first buried on site and later cremated in the Breslau-Gräbschen crematorium. In connection with the so-called Röhm Putsch, Nixdorf's name was on the official death list, which was not published. The Nazi authorities covered up the murder. The Hitler cabinet approved on 3 July 1934, the Law on Measures of State Self Defense with the following brief text: "The high for the crackdown and treasonable attack on 30 June and on 1 and 2 July 1934 completed measures as a state of self-defense lawful."

After a public prosecutor's indictment was brought up on April 21, 1956, a jury of the Osnabrück Regional Court opened the criminal case in 1956/1957. The defendant Udo von Woyrsch was sentenced to ten years imprisonment on August 2, 1957 for aiding and abetting manslaughter in six cases, while the co-defendant Ernst Müller-Altenau received an acquittal for lack of evidence.

According to research by the historian Karl Martin Graß , Nixdorf and Belding were suspected in mid-1934 of having committed an assassination attempt on Heinrich Himmler on June 19, 1934 in Schorfheide . In fact - although Himmler believed in it - there had been no assassination attempt: the criminal investigation of the incident revealed that the alleged bombardment of Himmler's vehicle was the result of pebbles hitting the vehicle body at high speed. The thesis advocated by Graß is now considered an error. Graß confused Nixdorf with Bernhard Fischer-Schweder .

Nixdorf's sister Dorothea (1901–1975) had married the dentist Willy Mahler (1900–1949), a staunch National Socialist. One of the couple's four children, Nixdorf's nephew, is the extremist and RAF co- founder Horst Mahler .

literature

  • Michael Fischer: Horst Mahler. Biographical study on anti-Semitism, anti-Americanism and attempts to defend against German guilt . European culture and history of ideas. Studies (EUKLID), Volume 9, KIT Scientific Publishing, Karlsruhe 2015, ISBN 978-3-7315-0388-0 , p. 30 ff. ( Download (PDF) )

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Fischer, p. 31
  2. ^ SA group Silesia (ed.): From the fight and victory of the Silesian SA. A book of honor . Breslau 1933, Appendix p. 29
  3. ↑ Michael Fischer, p. 416, note No. 28 ( Google Books )
  4. ^ Official death list from June 30, 1934 . In: Heinrich Bennecke : The Reichswehr and the "Röhm Putsch" . Olzog, Munich 1964, p. 87 f.
  5. ↑ Heinz Höhne : Mordsache Röhm. Hitler's breakthrough to sole rule. 1933-1934 . Rowohlt, Reinbek 1984, ISBN 3-499-33052-0
  6. ↑ Michael Fischer, pp. 30–33 ( Google Books )
  7. ↑ So far from fear, so close to death . Article from May 15, 1957 ( Der Spiegel , issue 20) in the portal spiegel.de , accessed on October 23, 2016
  8. ↑ indictment of the public prosecutor at the district court Osnabrück of 21 April 1956 , the archives of the Institute of Contemporary History , Berlin, Signature: Go 3.2 / 1
  9. ↑ Otto Gritschneder : "The Führer has sentenced you to death ..." Hitler's "Röhm Putsch" murders in court . CH Beck, 1993, ISBN 3-406-37651-7
  10. ^ Karl Martin Graß : Edgar Jung, Papenkreis and Röhm crisis 1933/1934 . Dissertation, Heidelberg 1966, p. 83
  11. ↑ Michael Fischer, p. 415, Note No. 37 ( Google Books )
  12. ↑ Alexander Gallus (ed.): Meinhof, Mahler, Ensslin. The files of the German National Academic Foundation . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-5253-0039-8 , p. 150, footnote 6 ( Google Books )
personal data
SURNAME Nixdorf, Reinhold
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German SA leader in the rank of Sturmhauptführer
DATE OF BIRTH October 19, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH July 1, 1934
Place of death a forest area near Obernigk and Breslau- Deutsch-Lissa