Rheinhafen steam power plant in Karlsruhe
| Rheinhafen steam power plant in Karlsruhe | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||
| location | |||
|
|||
| Coordinates | 49 ° 0 ′ 45 " N , 8 ° 18 ′ 10" E | ||
| country | Germany | ||
| Waters | Rhine | ||
| Data | |||
| Type |
Thermal power plant combined cycle power plant |
||
| Primary energy |
Hard coal natural gas |
||
| fuel | Gas and coal | ||
| power | approx. 2,172 MW | ||
| operator | EnBW Kraftwerke AG | ||
| Project start | 1940s | ||
| Start of operations | 1955 | ||
| Chimney height | 233 m | ||
| Website | Page at EnBW | ||
The Rheinhafen steam power plant ( RDK ) is operated by Energie Baden-Württemberg Kraftwerke AG (EnBW; until 1997 Badenwerk AG) and consists of two different types of power plant: a hard coal power plant with an output of 1,351 MW and a gas and steam power plant that has been in operation since 1998 with an output of approx. 365 MW.
The power plant is located on the Rhine , directly at the entrance to the Rheinhafen Karlsruhe , which gave the power plant its name. The power plant consists of 8 blocks, of which only 2 are currently in operation. The required cooling water is taken from the Rhine , while the hard coal is delivered by barge across the river.
Power plant blocks 1-6
The blocks 1-6 of each 100 to 180 MW were built in the 1950s and 1960s.
Blocks 1-3 have been shut down and partially converted and refurbished as a visitor power station.
The former coal block 4 was converted into a modern gas and steam block in the mid-1990s. For this purpose, the old boiler system was demolished and replaced by a high-performance Alstom GT26 gas turbine with a waste heat boiler. The steam turbine could continue to be used after extensive conversion work and an overhaul. The area of application of this power plant is the generation of peak load electricity . Block 4 has been on cold reserve since April 4, 2017 .
Blocks 5 and 6 are also in cold reserve; the blocks each have a steam boiler that is fired with gas. They use a 200-meter-high reinforced concrete chimney with a shared flue gas pipe.
Power station unit 7
From 1981 to 1985 Unit 7 was built as a medium- load power plant with an output of 517 MW , for which a new 233 m high chimney was built. The block had flue gas desulphurisation and denitrification from the start .
The district heating network of Stadtwerke Karlsruhe is additionally supplied with district heating via a combined heat and power system. A maximum decoupling of 220 MW is possible here, which increases the efficiency of the power plant from 46% to 58% if the decoupling takes place.
Since 2003 petroleum coke can also be burned.
Power plant unit 8
history
From 2008 to 2014, a new coal-fired unit (RDK-8) with an electrical output of 834 MW (net) was built at the site. It is largely identical to Block 9 of the Mannheim power plant , which went into operation in 2015, which should lead to a reduction in construction costs. He has been working in regular operations since May 2014.
The block was originally scheduled to go into operation in 2012, but commissioning was delayed due to problems with the delivery and manufacture of components. There had already been delays in the construction of the boiler, which was constructed from a new type of special steel in order to be able to work with a live steam temperature of over 600 ° C. In August 2013 there was a fire in the machine house. The damage was repaired and trial operation continued. On December 12, 2013, full load was reached for the first time in trial operation.
The construction costs amounted to approx. 1.3 billion euros, originally one had assumed around one billion euros. Due to the low electricity prices on the exchange, the unit is currently (2014) not economically viable. Although the income is above the operating costs, not enough contribution margins are generated to recoup the financing costs necessary for the construction.
business
The efficiency of the new unit is 46%, the coal requirement under full load is 313 tons of hard coal per hour. To feed into the district heating network of the city of Karlsruhe, up to 220 MW of district heating can also be extracted. To do this, the steam is extracted before the last turbine stage. Even if the electrical efficiency is reduced as a result, an efficiency of up to 58% is achieved.
The new block has a heat output of 1999 MW. There are also three auxiliary steam generators, each with an output of 28 MW. This generates 2350 t of steam per hour at a temperature of 600 ° C and a pressure of 275 bar. After the first turbine stage, the steam is heated a second time in the boiler to 620 ° C by a superheater in order to increase the efficiency of the turbines.
cooling
A water volume of approx. 25 m³ / s is required to cool the condenser. The thermal power plant has its own small hydroelectric power plant in order to recover part of the potential energy that is required to pump the cooling water up into the system and thus to increase the efficiency of the power plant. The turbine has an output of up to 1.8 MW.
Like the existing blocks, the block is cooled with Rhine water , for which a new outlet structure was built into the Rhine and the old inlet structure was expanded. In order to be able to operate the power plant in summer with high Rhine water temperatures, an 80 meter high cooling tower was built, which was equipped with fans because of its low height (so that it does not tower over the rest of the buildings and thus not additionally impair the landscape). Until it is used, the cooling water is released directly into the Rhine. At a water temperature of the Rhine of up to 22.5 ° C, the cooling tower can be used optionally, from 22.6 ° C the cooling tower is used as planned and from 24.4 ° C it is operated at full load. If the temperature of the Rhine is above 28 ° C, the cooling water may only be fed into the Rhine with a special permit. The Rhine may be heated by a maximum of 1 K through the entire power plant complex.
The chimney of the new block, which was built in 2008, is 230 meters high and built as a wet draft chimney without renewed flue gas heating, and thus equipped with a plastic pipe on the inside that protrudes several meters above the end of the chimney to prevent corrosion of the concrete by the flue gases.
Coal delivery
The coal needed to fire the power plant is delivered by ship from Rotterdam directly to the power plant in the outer port of the Rhine port in Karlsruhe . The operators expect around 1000 ships per year to transport the coal they need.
In order to increase the security of supply, the coal store will be expanded to 450,000 t and the delivery by rail will also be expanded. At the end of April 2012, the Karlsruhe Regional Council approved the expansion of the track system, which extends to the power plant's coal store. The extension concerns a 700-meter-long stretch that will be connected to the existing network by means of eight new switches. In addition, the existing coal track will be modernized. If there is less or even no shipping traffic across the Rhine due to low or high tide or due to shipping accidents, delivery to the power plant is only possible by freight trains. Regardless of the navigability of the Rhine, the enlarged power plant complex will in future be supplied with coal all year round not only by ship but also by freight trains, although the delivery of coal by water is the most cost-effective means of transport.
Plant simulator
A system-specific simulator has been used since July 2011 for checking the specification data in advance, verifying the main control system and ensuring that the emission limit values are met. For the simulation, the Rheinmetall Defense Electronics (RDE) company created an extensive real-time process model of the plant. Siemens, in cooperation with RDE, supplies the original main control technology and the user interface. Block 8 is put into operation in advance on this simulator in order to identify and remedy possible problems in process or control technology at an early stage.
The simulator thus makes a significant contribution to minimizing risk and ensuring that the power plant project is on schedule.
Broadcasting station
On the roof of the power plant building there is an antenna mast for broadcasting the radio program from Klassik Radio on the VHF frequency 90.4 MHz with an ERP of 32 watts.
gallery
before the construction of Block 8
Construction work 2011, aerial view from the south
Aerial view from the northeast
from the southern Palatinate seen
Web links
- Page at EnBW
- Rheinhafen steam power plant at Stadtwiki Karlsruhe with numerous pictures of the new block 8 building
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c power plant list of the Federal Network Agency , as of March 7, 2019
- ↑ Modern Power Systems - First 240 MW GT26 gas turbine to power Rheinhafen unit 4 upgrade. (Badenwerk AG's Rheinhafen Steam Power Plant) ( Memento of the original from August 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . August 1995.
- ^ Enfield Energy Center GT26 first to 265 MWe . April 2000.
- ↑ Transparency in Energy Markets - Ad-hoc Ticker (notification from April 4th, 2017). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 7, 2018 ; Retrieved April 5, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b New power plant produces 400 tons of fine dust per year . In: Badische Zeitung , September 2, 2014. Retrieved September 3, 2014.
- ↑ Press release from August 7, 2013
- ↑ New power plant is opened in Karlsruhe - start in an uncertain future . In: Schwäbisches Tagblatt , September 2, 2014. Retrieved September 3, 2014.
- ↑ Rheinhafen steam power plant in Karlsruhe - project presentation . EnBW website. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
