Acker man sign

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Acker man sign
Acker-Mannsschild (Androsace maxima)

Acker-Mannsschild ( Androsace maxima )

Systematics
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Primrose Family (Primulaceae)
Subfamily : Primuloideae
Genre : Man's shield ( Androsace )
Type : Acker man sign
Scientific name
Androsace maxima
L.

The field man's shield ( Androsace maxima ), also known as the giant cup man ’s shield , giant man’s shield , large man’s shield and chalice man’s shield , is a species of plant in the primrose family (Primulaceae).

description

illustration
Inflorescences with five-fold flowers
Fruiting plant

Vegetative characteristics

The Acker-Mannsschild grows as an annual , herbaceous plant and reaches a height of 3 to 15 centimeters. It has no non-flowering rosettes . All leaves are arranged at the base , the blades undivided.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period begins partly in March and lasts until April. The umbellate inflorescence is multi-flowered and sits on a stem covered with simple hairs . The bracts resemble the foliage leaves and are the same length or longer than the flower stalk.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The white, sometimes pink-colored corollas have five short, yellow scales in their throat, which usually become reddish when they fade. The corolla tube is narrowed towards the throat, the corolla lobes have a length of 1 to 5 millimeters and are a little shorter or significantly longer than the crown tube. The flowers are not styled differently.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20 to 80.

ecology

The Acker-Mannsschild is a therophyte .

distribution

The Acker-Mannsschild occurs in southern , central and eastern Europe and otherwise in Asia and North and West Africa . It occurs rarely to very rarely in Central Europe . In the German-speaking area, it is at home in Austria and Switzerland . In Austria the Acker-Mannsschild rarely occurs only in the Pannonian area of the federal states Vienna , Lower Austria and Burgenland . In Austria the Acker-Mannsschild is considered to be threatened with extinction.

The Acker-Mannsschild thrives on stony, gaps in grain fields, vineyards, embankments, railway embankments and dry ruderal areas of the colline to submontane altitude . The Acker-Mannsschild is a character species of the association Caucalidion lappulae in Central Europe , but also occurs in Eastern Europe in the association Alysso-Sedion.

Systematics

Androsace maxima was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné .

There are subspecies depending on the author:

  • Androsace maxima L. subsp. maxima
  • Androsace maxima subsp. turczaninovii (Freyn) Fed. (Syn .: Androsace turczaninowii Freyn ): It occurs in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  739-740 .
  2. ↑ a b c Qiming Hu, Sylvia Kelso: Primulaceae. : Androsace maxima , p. 80 - online with the same text as the printed work , Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St Louis, 1996. ISBN 0-915279-37-1 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Karol Marhold, 2011: Primulaceae. : Datasheet Androsace maxima In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 683 .

Web links

Commons : Acker-Mannsschild ( Androsace maxima )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files