Robert Redslob

Robert Redslob (* 3. February 1882 in Strasbourg ; † 6. June 1962 in Strasbourg) was a German-French leaders and international law , the theory of the parliamentary system of government , the Weimar Constitution influenced considerably.

Life

Robert Redslob was born as the son of the Strasbourg pastor Julius August Redslob and his wife Margarethe Emilie Redslob, née Dietz. From 1900 to 1906 he studied law, philosophy and economics in Strasbourg and Berlin and completed his practical legal training in Strasbourg. There he was also promoted to Dr. jur. doctorate and obtained the venia legendi for criminal law , legal philosophy and constitutional law in the same year .

In 1913, Redslob followed a call as a full professor at the University of Rostock , where he held the chair for public law. After the First World War , Redslob returned to Strasbourg, where he was given the chair in international public law at the newly established University of Strasbourg .

In addition to teaching at the Universities of Rostock and Strasbourg, Redslob also taught at the Hague Academy for International Law and, in 1950, also gave lectures at the newly founded FU Berlin . In 1953 he retired .

Scientific work

The Alsatian Redslob wrote, among other things, about the (non-) integration of Alsace-Lorraine into the German Empire .

Shortly before the November Revolution, his work The Parliamentary Government appeared in its true and in its fake form (see below), in which he put forward the theory that a “real” parliamentary system would only exist if there was a “balance” between executive and legislative branches would exist; on the other hand a "fake" parliamentary system if the power lay with the legislature, which would control the executive, which Redslob already understood as parliamentary absolutism. According to Redslob, there is a balance between the executive and the legislative when both powers are of one origin, i.e. emanate either from the monarchical sovereign ( monarchical principle ) or from the sovereign of the people . As a critic of the republican form of government, Redslob saw this balance ideally realized in the parliamentary monarchy .

This theory was taken up by many of the actors at the time of the development of the Weimar constitution. Hugo Preuss , the "father of the Weimar Constitution", caused Redslob's theory of parliamentarism to include in his draft constitution the two state organs, the Reichstag and the Reich President , directly legitimized by the people , between which the government should act as a link.

With his work The State theories of the French National Assembly of 1789 (see below) is one Redslob to in Carl Schmitt's still the constitutional theory prevail prägendem work Verfassungslehre 1928 more often than average cited authors (see. The name registry latter work).

Fonts

• The criminal omission, Wroclaw 1906.
• Try and prepare. Based on German and French criminal law , Breslau 1908.
• The personal characteristics and circumstances that increase or decrease criminal liability, presented according to German and French law , Breslau 1909.

• The state theories of the French National Assembly of 1789. Their foundations in the political theory of the Enlightenment period and in the English and American constitutional ideas , Leipzig 1912.
• Dependent countries. An analysis of the concept of the original ruling power. At the same time a constitutional and political study of Alsace-Lorraine, the Austrian kingdoms and countries, Croatia-Slavonia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Finland, Iceland, the territories of the North American Union, Canada, Australia, South Africa , Leipzig 1914.
• The problem of international law. A study of the progress of nations towards a universal state system that guarantees the validity of international law , Leipzig 1917.
• The parliamentary government in its true and in its spurious form. A comparative study of the constitutions of England, Belgium, Hungary, Sweden and France , Tübingen 1918.
• Le régime politique de l'Alsace-Lorraine sous la domination allemande , in: Revue du Droit Public et de la Science Politique , vol. 38 (1921).
• Histoire des grands principes du droit des gens depuis l'antiquité jusqu'à la veille de la grande guerre , Paris 1923.
• Théorie de la société des nations , Paris 1927.
• Le principe des nationalités. Les origines, les fondements psychologiques, les forces adverses, les solutions possibles , Paris 1930.
• Entre la France et l'Allemagne. Souvenirs d'un Alsacien , Paris 1933.
• Les principes du droit des gens moderne , Paris 1937.
• De l'esprit politique des Allemands , Paris 1947.
• Traité de droit des gens. L'évolution historique, les institutions positives, les idées de justice, le droit nouveau, Paris 1950.
• The problem of the paix , Basel 1954.
• Alma mater. Mes souvenirs des universités allemandes , Paris 1958.

literature

• Manfred Friedrich:  Redslob, Robert. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 251 ( digitized version ).
• Armel Le Divellec: Robert Redslob, juriste alsacien entre la France et l'Allemagne , in: JöR , Vol. 55 (2007), pp. 479 to 507.
• Armel Le Divellec: Robert Redslob's Theory of Parliamentarism. An influential comparative constitutional “heresy”? , in: Detlef Lehnert (Ed.): Verfassungsdenker. Germany and Austria 1870–1970 , Metropol Verlag, Berlin 2017 (= Historical Democracy Research, 11), pp. 107–138.
• Detlef Stronk : balance and popular sovereignty. An investigation on the basis of the theory of parliamentarism Robert Redslobs , Bonn 1976, plus Diss., Univ. Bonn 1975/76. ISBN 3-87198-063-3

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hans-Ulrich Wehler : Hot spots of the Empire 1871-1918. Studies on German social and constitutional history , 2nd edition, Göttingen 1979, p. 36 and p. 50.
2. ↑ Wolfgang J. Mommsen : Max Weber and German Politics 1890–1920 , 2nd edition, Tübingen 1974, p. 372 f .; Carl Schmitt : Verfassungslehre , 9th edition, Berlin 1993 (corrected new edition of the first edition from 1928), p. 304.
3. ↑ Wolfgang J. Mommsen: Max Weber and German Politics 1890–1920 , p. 373.
4. ↑ Wolfgang J. Mommsen: Max Weber and German Politics 1890–1920 , p. 374.
5. ↑ Wolfgang J. Mommsen: Max Weber and German Politics 1890–1920 , pp. 372 and 375.

Web links

• Literature by and about Robert Redslob in the catalog of the German National Library
• Entry on Robert Redslob in the Catalogus Professorum Rostochiensium