Rospuda
| Rospuda | ||
 The Rospuda in summer |
||
| Data | ||
| location | Podlaskie Voivodeship , Poland | |
| River system | Vistula | |
| Drain over | Netta → Biebrza → Narew → Vistula → Baltic Sea | |
| source |
Jezioro Czarne 54 ° 13 ′ 29 ″ N , 22 ° 32 ′ 12 ″ E |
|
| muzzle |
Rospuda Augustowska Coordinates: 53 ° 52 '58 " N , 22 ° 58' 16" E 53 ° 52 '58 " N , 22 ° 58' 16" E
|
|
| Left tributaries | Blizna | |
| Flowing lakes | Rospuda Filipowska , Jezioro Garbaś , Jezioro Sumowo , Jezioro Bolesty , Rospuda Augustowska | |
The Rospuda is a river in northeastern Poland in the Podlaskie Voivodeship . It flows through the Suwalken region and the northwestern part of the 160,000 hectare Puszcza Augustowska forest complex . It represents the upper course of the river Netta , a right tributary of the Biebrza .
geography
The Rospuda has its origin in several streams that arise in a mountain range south of the Puszcza Romincka and southeast of Goldap (Przejmowa Góra, 213.4 m; Jastrzębia Góra, 230.8 m; Słupowa Góra, 247.9 m; Lisia Góra, 259.5 m). The actual river, however, only arises from the Black Lake (Jezioro Czarne) , located directly on the border with the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . In its further course the Rospuda flows through a chain of nine elongated lakes, which were formed after the last Ice Age: Rospuda Filipowska, Kamienne, Długie, Garbaś, Głębokie, Sumowo, Okrągłe, Bolesty and Rospuda Augustowska . The two longest lakes, Rospuda Filipowska and Bolesty, are 5.8 km long, with a width of only 400 to 800 meters.
In its upper course, the Rospuda is characterized by a very narrow, winding river bed , a very fast current and a stony bottom, so that it resembles a low mountain stream . It flows here through a narrow valley with partly very steep slopes that are either forested or overgrown with grass. This landscape figure is v. a. the consequence of erosion due to runoff of rainwater.
In its lower course, the Rospuda changes into a typical lowland river. It forms numerous meanders here , and the river bed widens significantly, so that extensive moor fields arise, which are known as the Rospuda Valley .
environment
The Rospuda Valley is a retreat for many rare, protected animal and plant species. For example, 19 representatives of the orchid family grow there , u. a. the herminium monorchis (Herminium monorchis) , the flesh-colored orchid (Dactylorhiza incarnata) , the Broad-orchid (Dactylorhiza majalis) , the Lady's Slipper (Cypripedium calceolus) , the coral root (Corallorrhiza trifida) or spotted orchid (Dactylorhiza fuchsii) . Other rare plants under species protection that occur in the Rospuda Valley are: the long-leaved sundew (Drosera anglica) , the round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) , the shrub birch (Betula humilis) , the Turkish league (Lilium martagon) or the Blue Ladder to Heaven (Polemonium caeruleum) .
Many of the bird species that breed in the Rospuda Valley are protected species. These include a. the grouse , the capercaillie , the Spotted Crake , the corncrake , the crane , the white-tailed eagle , the lesser spotted eagle , the marsh harrier , the honey buzzard , the boreal owl , the white stork , the black woodpecker , the white-backed woodpecker , the red-backed shrike , or barred warbler , to name a few call.
For larger mammals, such as B. wolves or red deer , the Rospuda Valley is a hiking route on the way from the Puszcza Augustowska and the Biebrza National Park to the west.
Previous plans provided for a section of the Via Baltica (European route 67), which will also serve as the Augustów bypass , to be drawn through the Rospuda Valley. In this context, conservationists and experts fear the destruction of valuable habitats , air pollution , water pollution and the endangerment of rare animal species, especially bird species. The EU Commission therefore ordered the Polish government to stop construction on February 23, 2007. The execution by the local and Warsaw authorities was preceded by demonstrations by more than 100,000 Polish nature and environmental conservationists. On September 16, 2008, the Supreme Administrative Court in Poland stopped the construction of the Via Baltica through the Rospuda Valley. In October 2009 it was decided that the S61 expressway should form part of the Via Baltica.
natural reserve
The Rospuda Valley
- is a "protected landscape" (since 1989)
- is a "noise protection area" (since 1991)
- belongs to Natura 2000 , a transnational system of protected areas within the European Union (since 2004)
