Rossano

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Rossano
Rossano Via I Torre tunnel exit 20050803.JPG
Country Italy
region Calabria
province Cosenza  (CS)
local community Corigliano-Rossano
Coordinates 39 ° 34 '  N , 16 ° 38'  E Coordinates: 39 ° 34 '0 "  N , 16 ° 38' 0"  E
height 270  m slm
surface 149 km²
Residents 36,724 (Dec. 31, 2016)
Population density 246 inhabitants / km²
Demonym Rossanesi
patron Nilus by Rossano
Church day September 26th
Telephone code 0983 CAP 87067, 87068
Website Official website

Rossano , also Rossano Calabro , is a southern Italian city ​​with a last 36,724 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2016) in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region . Since March 31, 2018, it has been part of the municipality of Corigliano-Rossano , the largest in the province of Cosenza. It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Rossano-Cariati .

location

Rossano lies on the Ionian Sea , in the northern foothills of the Sila Greca . The historic center is around 275 meters above sea level, at the foot of the slope is the modern district of Rossano Scalò , the district on the coast is called Lido Sant'Angelo and is a popular seaside resort.

history

Archaeological traces prove the existence of a settlement in Roman times, the first written record mentions the city of Roscianum in the 6th century AD. Rossano achieved its greatest importance in the period from the 8th to 11th centuries, during which it became one of the most important centers Byzantine culture in southern Italy and with a strong fortress withstood the attacks of the Saracens for a long time .

In 982 Rossano was the base of the court of Otto II , in which the emperor had left his wife Theophanu and the heir to the throne Otto during his war against the Saracens. Thanks to a happy escape on a Byzantine merchant ship, the emperor was able to return to Rossano despite a heavy defeat.

In 1060 the city became the property of the Normans and since that time has shared the historical fate of southern Italy, albeit without rising above the rank of an ordinary provincial city. The Ruffo family was among the feudal lords of medieval Rossano, and the Borghese ruled the city from 1637 .

The population has increased sharply since the 1950s. Today Rossano is an important center of agriculture and the food industry, mainly based on the cultivation of olives and citrus fruits , but also on the processing of liquorice . Another important branch of the economy is now tourism.

Attractions

  • The Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta dates back to the 12th century, but has undergone numerous changes over the centuries. According to legend, it contains a miraculous image, the so-called Maria Achiropita , which was not painted by human hands .
  • The Codex purpureus Rossanensis (Purple Codex of Rossano) in the Diocesan Museum is one of the oldest and most richly decorated Greek Gospel manuscripts . It was probably made in Syria in the 6th century and reached Calabria in the 7th century.
  • The Oratory San Marco in the Greek old town is a Byzantine church, probably from the 10th century. It is said to have been donated by Saint Nilus of Rossano.
  • Another Byzantine church from the 10th or 11th century is the Oratory of Panaghia or Maria la Tutta Santa .
  • The baroque church of San Nilo was donated by Ippolita Aldobrandini as Princess of Rossano and built in 1620.
  • Outside the city, at a height of 609 m, is the church of Santa Maria del Patire or Santa Maria Nuova Odigitria , which was built by Basilian monks in 1101–1105 and was part of an important monastery complex in the Norman era, of which only ruins remain. The founder is said to have been Saint Bartholomew of Simeri , who is venerated in it as patire , Greek πατῆρ (father). It has remains of a mosaic floor.

  • Image of Maria Achiropita in the cathedral

  • S. Maria Panaghia

  • S. Maria del Patire

  • S. Marco

  • Amarelli liquorice production site and museum

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Rossano  - album with pictures, videos and audio files