Rudolph Michael Schindler

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Rudolph Michael Schindler (born September 10, 1887 in Vienna ; † August 22, 1953 in Los Angeles , California ) was an American architect of Austrian origin who worked primarily in the Los Angeles area and - especially within the USA - as more important Representative of classical modernism in architecture applies.

Life

The Lovell Beach House in Newport Beach , California

Rudolph Michael Schindler studied civil engineering and architecture in Vienna from 1906 to 1913 . There he and Richard Neutra were students of Otto Wagner and Adolf Loos . In 1914 Schindler traveled to New York City and then on to Chicago , where he worked as a draftsman in an office for three years. In 1917 he came to Frank Lloyd Wright's office , where he stayed for four years, handling projects largely independently and for whom he took over construction management at the Barnsdale house in Los Angeles in 1920 . In 1919 Schindler married Sophie Pauline Gibling.

In 1921 he planned and built a house with an office in West Hollywood together with his wife, civil engineer friend Clyde Chace and his wife Marian . The multi-wing house contains separate living areas, a shared kitchen and office space. It is one of Schindler's most important buildings, and the close relationships between the interior and exterior spaces are particularly noteworthy. In 1926 Richard Neutra and his family moved into the Schindlers' house. Both founded the Architectural Group for Industry and Commerce and worked on some projects together, but fell apart in 1930.

Between 1925 and 1926, the Lovell Beach House was built in Newport Beach, which is particularly noticeable because of its two-story concrete structure. This project is one of the most important works of Schindler. It was built for Philip M. Lovell, after whom the building is named.

In 1946, Schindler built Haus Kallis for an artist in a far more expressive formal language with inclined wall and roof panes and a strong dissolution of the surfaces into individual elements, from 1948 to 1949 the Haus Janson as a three-story building on a steep slope with floor areas of the floors widening upwards.

In 1951 Schindler was diagnosed with cancer and two years later he died in a hospital on August 22nd.

plant

Schindler mainly planned and built private houses, mostly in Southern California . In total, he worked on around 330 projects, around 150 of which were carried out. Characteristics of Schindler's buildings are a precise examination of the terrain (many buildings are partly on steep slopes and often use this spatially through stepped, stair-like spatial volumes), and his formal language, which is characterized by clear, sharp lines, a pronounced differentiation of individual volumes and the spatial situations, as well as through open room transitions. The influence of Wright and Loos can be seen here. Schindler is considered to be an important thought leader for the planning of the case study houses .

Depending on the building task and situation, the building materials vary between solid elements with raw plaster or concrete surfaces and fine wooden supports with glass infills. Due to the preferred use of reinforced concrete as a building material, given the low skills of the executing companies at the time, many buildings are in a very poor condition after sixty to eighty years.

His work received little attention from architectural critics and theorists during his lifetime, probably because it was seldom a large building but mostly a small apartment building and mansion, but has experienced a renaissance in criticism in Europe and the USA since the 1980s.

Branch office of the MAK

In 1994, the Vienna Museum of Applied Arts founded the MAK Center for Art and Architecture as a new branch, which is now housed in three important buildings of the architect in Los Angeles (Rudolph Schindler House, Pearl M. Mackey Apartment House, Fitzpatrick-Leland House). The focus is on new tendencies and interdisciplinary developments in the fields of fine arts and architecture, which are promoted through grants and projects and expanded through changing exhibitions.

buildings

Schindler House
  • 1921–1922: Schindler / Chace house, North Kings Road, West Hollywood
  • 1922: Mrs. EE Lacey semi-detached house, 830-832 Laguna Avenue, Los Angeles
  • 1922: I. Binder and H. Gross Apartments, 103-111 North Soto Street, Los Angeles
  • 1923: Charles P. Lowe Country House, Eaglerock , 325 Ellenwood Drive (destroyed)
  • 1923: S. Friedman and A. Koploy Apartments, 115 North Soto Street, Los Angeles
  • 1924: Packard House, North Gainsborough Drive, South Pasadena
  • 1923–1925: Pueblon Ribera Court, Vacation Homes for Frank Lloyd Wright, Gravilla Street, La Jolla
  • How House, 1925, Silver Ridge Avenue, Silver Lake , Los Angeles
  • Lovell Beach House , 1925-1926, 1242 W. Ocean Avenue, Newport Beach , Orange County
  • Manola Court, 1926-1928, Edgecliff Drive, Los Angeles
  • Grokowsky House, 1928, Bonita Drive, South Pasadena
  • Wolfe House, 1928-1929, Old Stage Road, Avalon, Catalina Island
  • Elliot House, 1930, Newdale Drive, Los Angeles
  • Oliver House, 1933-1934, Micheltorena Avenue, Los Angeles
  • Buck House, 1934, Eighth Street, Los Angeles
  • Van Patten House, 1934-1935, Moreno Drive, Los Angeles
  • Walker House, 1935–1936, Kenilworth Avenue, Los Angeles
  • McAlmon House, 1935-1936, Waverly Drive, Los Angeles
  • Fitzpatrick House, 1936, Woodrow Drive, Los Angeles
  • Bubeshko Apartment Building, 1937–1938, Griffith Park Boulevard, Los Angeles
  • Wilson House, 1935-1939, Redcliff Street, Los Angeles
  • Mackey Apartment Building, 1939-1940, South Cochran Avenue, Los Angeles
  • Falk Apartment Building, 1940, Carnation Avenue, Los Angeles
  • Droste House, 1940, Kenilworth Avenue, Los Angeles
  • Gold House, 1940-1944, Reklaw Drive, Los Angeles
  • Harris House, 1942, Willow Glen, Los Angeles
  • Bethlehem Baptist Church, 1944, South Compton Avenue, Los Angeles
  • Daugherty House, 1945-1946, Louise Avenue, Encino
  • Kallis House and Atelier, 1946, Multiview Drive, Studio City
  • Pressburger House, 1945-1947, Agnes Street, Studio City
  • Lechner House, 1946–1948, Amanda Drive, Studio City
  • Laurelwood Apartments, 1948-1949, Laurelwood Drive, Studio City
  • Janson House, 1948-1949, Skyline Drive, Los Angeles
  • House Carpenter, 1949-1950, Greenfield Avenue, Westwood
  • Erlik House, 1950–1951, Curson Avenue, Los Angeles

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Rudolph Schindler  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Modern designs , issue 6/1930
personal data
SURNAME Schindler, Rudolph Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American architect of Austrian origin
DATE OF BIRTH September 10, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH August 22, 1953
Place of death los Angeles