Round-leaved wintergreen

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Round-leaved wintergreen
Round-leaved wintergreen (Pyrola rotundifolia), illustration

Round-leaved wintergreen ( Pyrola rotundifolia ), illustration

Systematics
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Heather family (Ericaceae)
Subfamily : Monotropoideae
Genre : Wintergreen ( Pyrola )
Type : Round-leaved wintergreen
Scientific name
Pyrola rotundifolia
L.

The round-leaved wintergreen ( Pyrola rotundifolia ) is a plant from the subfamily of the wintergreen and spruce asparagus plants ( Monotropoideae ) in the heather family (Ericaceae).

features

Round-leaved wintergreen in bloom
Single flower

As the name suggests, like all wintergreen plants, the leaves of this plant do not die off in winter. They are either round and wedge-shaped to rounded at the base (in the subspecies Pyrola rotundifolia ssp. Maritima ) or egg-shaped and rounded to truncated at the base ( Pyrola rotundifolia ssp. Rotundifolia ), dark green and shiny. Of the Pyrola species, the round-leaved wintergreen is one of the larger and more conspicuous. A stem of the stem axis can be up to 40 centimeters high and carry up to 30 all-round flowers . As a rule, however, the stem becomes 15 to 30 centimeters high and has 8 to 15 flowers. The nodding, open, bell-shaped flowers appear mainly in June and July and have a weak smell. The petals are creamy white with a pink tinge and measure six to ten millimeters in length. The linear-lanceolate calyx tips protrude from the crown. The stylus is six to ten millimeters long, curved in an S-shape and protrudes far from the crown; it is longer than the ovary .

The fruits are capsules .

The species has chromosome number 2n = 46.

Round-leaved wintergreen plant (Pyrola rotundifolia)

Occurrence

The round-leaved wintergreen prefers shady and partially shaded deciduous and coniferous forests or bushes . It grows on acidic, base-rich soils. It is a weak Piceetalia-order character in Central Europe, but also occurs in societies of the associations Erico-Pinion, Quercion roboris-petraeae or the sub-association Luzulo-Fagenion.

In the Allgäu Alps, the stone mountain in Bavaria rises up to 1650 m above sea level.

Location of round-leaved wintergreen (Pyrola rotundifolia)

Root fungus

The roots of Pyrola rotundifolia , like those of the other wintergreens, are densely covered with hyphae of fungi . These fungal hyphae also spin around the cortex cells of the plant, penetrate them and are digested there. This represents an intermediate form between endotrophic and ectotrophic mycorrhiza . The round-leaved wintergreen supplies itself with additional water, minerals and proteins and supplies the fungus with it. a. Carbohydrates . The presence of the fungus is also required for the seeds to germinate.

Subspecies

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Dune wintergreen ( Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. Maritima (Kenyon) EF Warblers. )
  • Pyrola rotundifolia subsp. rotundifolia

Common names

In German, round-leaved wintergreen is also called large wintergreen (in contrast to small wintergreen ), occasionally (incorrectly) also evergreen and (small) lily of the valley .

literature

  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg (1994): Botanical-ecological excursion pocket book . 5th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer (Heidelberg, Wiesbaden). ISBN 3-494-01229-6
  • Schmeil / Fitschen (1993): Flora of Germany and neighboring countries . 89th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer (Heidelberg, Wiesbaden). ISBN 3-494-01210-5
  • Gray-Wilson, Christopher / Blamey, Marjorie / Faarlund, Torbjørn / Sunding, Per (2000): Teknologisk forlags store illustrated flora for Norge og Nord-Europa. 3rd edition, Domino Books (Jersey). ISBN 82-512-0355-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 727. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , pp. 293-294.
  3. ↑ Round-leaved wintergreen . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
  4. ↑ Heinrich Marzell : Dictionary of German plant names. (with the assistance of Wilhelm Wissmann and Wolfgang Pfeifer ): Volume I – V, Leipzig, Stuttgart and Wiesbaden 1943–1979, Volume III (from column 481) and IV ed. by Heinz Paul, Volume V (register volume) 1958 with Wilhelm Wissmann; New print Cologne 2000. ISBN 3-88059-982-3 ; Volume III, p. 1194 f.

Web links

Commons : Round leaf wintergreen  album with pictures, videos and audio files