Puddle puffin
| Puddle puffin | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Russula terenopus | ||||||||||||
| Romagn. |
The puddle blubber ( Russula terenopus ) is a fungus from the family of the blubber relatives . It is a small, very fragile blubber with a reddish to purple-colored hat. The very rare Täubling usually grows under the trembling aspen in damp to boggy places.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 2–5 cm wide and grooved on the edge to a width of up to 1 cm. The edge of the hat is partly inwardly curved and blunt. The hat is orange to purple in color, with the center of the hat in young fruiting bodies usually being dark purple to black-brown. However, it later fades and is then flesh-colored to pink or even ivory-white. The hat often has rust-colored spots. The long, greasy, shiny skin of the hat is very thin and can be peeled off differently.
The thin and fragile lamellae are attached to the stem and are quite far away. They are very even and never mixed in with lamellets . The first cream-colored, then light yellowish, but later ocher-yellow colored lamellae are often covered with rust-brown spots. The spore powder is cream-colored ( IIa-c according to Romagnesi ).
The white stem is 2.5–5 cm long and 0.5–1.2 cm wide and is slightly yellow. It's so fragile that you can hardly take the mushroom out of the ground. Inside it is usually hollow or hollow-chambered, the surface is finely wrinkled, at least with age.
The flesh is white and very fragile, typically turning yellow at injuries. The taste is mild, in some cases it can become spicy in the lamellas after about 30 seconds. The smell is fruity or geranium-like and is somewhat reminiscent of the Gallen-Täubling . The meat does not react with iron sulfate and only weakly with guaiac .
Microscopic features
The spores are 6.5–8 (–8.5) µm long and 5-6.5 µm wide. They are covered with mostly thorny, sometimes blunt, fairly isolated warts, which are sometimes strung in a chain or partly doubled. The short, more or less cylindrical cystides are 50–60 (–75) μm long and 10–12 (–15) μm wide. They are only slightly grayish in color with sulfovanillin . The apiculus is 1.5-1.62 μm long and about 1.12 μm wide, the irregularly shaped hillock about 2.75-3 μm wide and clearly amyloid . The basidia are 30–48 μm long and 9–11 μm wide.
The 2–3 (–4) μm wide hyphal end cells of the cap skin are voluminous and mostly blunt. They are rarely narrowed, but sometimes slightly clubbed or head-shaped. The 4–12 μm wide pileocystids are strongly septate and consist of 3–5 (–7) sometimes almost isodiametric cells. They stain clearly with sulfovanillin .
Ecology and diffusion
The puddle blubber is a mycorrhizal fungus that preferably enters into a symbiotic partnership with aspens . Other deciduous trees, such as birch and oak, can probably also serve as hosts.
The rare Täubling can be found in shady hornbeam-oak forests , in mesophilic oaks and oak-rich mixed beech forests in the lowlands and in the hilly and lower mountain regions . Furthermore, in stands of trembling poplar with interspersed birch, hazelnut and oak. It grows preferentially in ditches and hollows on damp to muddy or boggy clay or loam soils that are usually flooded during winter. Most of them are acidic to neutral, more nutrient-rich, but poorly ventilated gley and pseudogleybean soils as well as wet pelosol and brown soils .
The puddle deafbling is a rare European species that has so far been recorded in France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and Denmark. In Germany, the species is known from only a few locations and is highly endangered. On the German Red List it is listed in the risk category RL 2.
Systematics
Inquiry systematics
The puddle deaf is placed by M. Bon in the sub-section Odoratinae , which is within the section Tenellae . The representatives of the subsection have a distinct, pleasant, often geranium-like odor and a more or less mild taste. The spore powder color is variable, it can be cream, ocher or yellow. The meat is yellow but not gray.
meaning
The deafbling is probably edible, but due to its rarity and its very fragile meat it does not play a role as an edible mushroom.
literature
- Russula terenopus. In: Russula database. CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center, accessed June 18, 2011 .
- Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: English translation by M. Bons Russula key :. The Russulales website, archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved June 18, 2011 .
- H. Romagnesi: Russula terenopus. In: Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). MycoBank, the Fungal website, accessed June 18, 2011 (French).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 62 .
- ^ A b c d German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 518.
- ↑ a b Russula terenopus. (PDF (1.4 MB)) Monographic Key to European Russulas (1988). In: The Russulales website w3.uwyo.edu. P. 59 , archived from the original on July 28, 2010 ; Retrieved June 18, 2011 (English, translation by M. Bon's Russula key).
- ↑ Russula terenopus. (PDF DOC) Russulas. Micologia.biz Web de micología Europea, p. 122 , accessed June 18, 2011 (Spanish).
- ↑ H. Romagnesi: Russula direct opus. Les Russules d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord (1967). In: MycoBank, the Fungal Website - www.mycobank.org. Retrieved June 18, 2011 (French).
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed October 9, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Belgian List 2012 - Russula terenopus. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 (Täubling very rare :).
- ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of Russula terenopus. (No longer available online.) In: data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014 ; Retrieved August 21, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Russula terenopus in the PilzOek database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 21, 2011 .
- ↑ a b NMV Verspreidingsatlas | Russula terenopus. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved May 8, 2012 .
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved October 9, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Spore drawing of Russula terenopus after H. Romagnesi, (1967), website of the CBS Fungal Biodiversity Center. Retrieved June 18, 2011.
- Synonyms of Russula terenopus. Index Fungorum, accessed June 18, 2011 .
- Russula terenopus. In: Russulales News . Russulales News, accessed June 18, 2011 (photo and nomenclature).
