Sülte (Hildesheim)

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The Sülte

The Sülte is a former monastery district in Hildesheim , which, when it was founded in the 11th century, was just outside the city walls in the east in front of the Ostertor.

history

The name Sülte (Latin Sulza) comes from a salt spring which, according to legend, was the reason for the construction of a chapel at this point by Bishop Godehard von Hildesheim . The Hildesheim cathedral canon Wolfhere reports in his Vita posterior Godehardi episcopi , which he wrote shortly after 1054 , that east of the city at the source called Sulza there is a palus horrifica , a terrible swamp. There are day and night "terrible phenomena" to see and hear, which Godehard with "the cross and the relics put the saints" an end by there in 1025 a chapel in honor of the Apostle Bartholomew and a pilgrim hospital that Bartholomäusstift , founded. With the chapel, a still existing pagan cult site may have been taken over here in order to suppress pre-Christian customs and ideas. The monastery church that emerged from the first chapel was consecrated on August 25, 1034.

Bishop Bruning converted the monastery into a monastery for the Augustinian Canons . He spent his last year there in 1120 and was buried in the monastery church.

In 1440 the convent was reformed by the monastery reformer Johannes Busch , Windesheim canon . From 1459 this was provost of the monastery and renewed other monasteries from here until his death around 1480. In the course of the introduction of the Reformation in Hildesheim, the Sültekloster was destroyed in 1556, again during the Thirty Years War .

The monastery was closed in the course of secularization in 1803. The parish, which had been cared for by the canons until then, was then accepted by the Catholic Michaelis parish, and two altars were placed in the church in Groß Düngen . Of the monastery buildings only a few are on pile foundations resting foundations receive.

The current buildings come from a psychiatric institution that was opened in 1849 as the third location of the Hildesheim sanatorium and nursing home ; the other locations were in the abolished monasteries of St. Michael (opened in 1827) and St. Magdalenen (1833). The institution was one of the first to be built as a psychiatric hospital from the start and planned from a functional point of view. It was soon considered to be “the largest and most respected institution in Germany”. The serial killer Fritz Haarmann was temporarily housed here in the second half of the 1890s, 20 years before his series of murders.

A military hospital was set up in Sülte during World War II. During an air raid on March 3, 1945, one wing of the building was damaged by high explosive bombs, but the damage was soon repaired.

After the clinic moved to the new location on Galgenberg in 1976 , the building stood empty for decades. In the 1980s it was intended for a State Museum of Silesia , which was created as a result of the fall of the Wall in Görlitz . In 2000, investors had the Sülte converted into a conference hotel from what was then Dorint AG . It is now a Novotel hotel belonging to the French Accor group .

Sültequelle

Hildesheim city map around 1760 (detail): 1 Sültekloster, 2 Ostertor, 3 Almstor, 4 Rathausmarkt.

The Sültequelle was of great importance for Hildesheim's water supply until the end of the 19th century. Already in 1249 the city rights acquired at the source, their water drove to about 1400, the mills at nearby Ostertor and on Almstor to where it was headed inside the city walls around along what is now Wall Street with the so-called fish ditch and there with the Ortsschlump to Drift united. The outer trenches of the ramparts that were built in the 15th century were also partly fed by the Sülte spring.

The source house of the Sültequelle (2017)

The water from the Sültequelle is of good quality and largely independent of the current amount of precipitation, which is why it has mainly been used to supply the city with drinking water since the 15th century. An artificial ditch led it from the spring basin to a water art at the Ostertor at the corner of today's Bahnhofsallee, a water-powered bucket wheel that pumped the water into a reservoir on the first floor of the Wasserkunst building. From this elevated level, it fed numerous public fountains in the city via water pipes, including the market fountain in front of the town hall.

In 1836 the city acquired the source and took over the maintenance and expansion of the pipeline network. In 1893 it was still delivering up to 350 m³ of water a day for 52 public wells and "running posts" (water extraction points).

With the start of water pumping from the local Schlumpquelle in 1887 and the commissioning of the waterworks in Goslarschen Landstrasse in 1894, the systematic construction of a modern public water supply began, which soon replaced the supply network of the Sültequelle; by November 1895, all systems and the water art at the Ostertor were dismantled. From 1896, the water from the Sültequelle was diverted via a pipeline to supply the municipal gas works and the Hildesheim indoor pool on Speicherstrasse. Today the water feeds the senior citizen's ditch in Liebesgrund.

The masonry and covered reservoir of the spring from the 1840s has been preserved to this day, but the building in its current form dates from the 1970s.

literature

Web links

Commons : Sülte  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Entry by Gudrun Pischke zu Sülte in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfherrii vita posterior Godehardi episcopi. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica , vol. 13, p. 207, section 20, lines 18-27 (1854).
  2. ↑ A. v. Cohausen : The place where the Hildesheim silver treasure was found. In: Anzeiger für Kunde der deutschen Vorzeit (Organ of the Germanisches Museum ), vol. 17, p. 190 (1870).
  3. ^ Helmut von Jan : Bishop, City and Citizen. Essays on the history of Hildesheim. Bernward, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-87065-375-2 .
  4. ^ Magdalenen.com: Church history. ( Memento of December 26, 2005 in the Internet Archive ).
  5. ↑ The history of the AMEOS Clinic Hildesheim. Ameos Group website , accessed January 28, 2018.
  6. ↑ a b Anke Twachtmann-Schlichter: City of Hildesheim (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony. Vol. 14.1. Publications of the Lower State Office for Monument Preservation ). Niemeyer, Hameln 2007, p. 225.
  7. ↑ Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung : Hildesheimer story (s): Day 50. Ghost swamp, mental hospital, star hotel. (2015). Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  8. ↑ cf. Wolfgang Gaus and Annette Flos: Hildesheim's water supply from the Middle Ages to the industrial age. In: Wasserkunst und Wasserwerk. Hildesheim water supply through the ages. Booklet accompanying the exhibition of the same name in the City History Collection of the Roemer and Pelizaeus Museum in the bone carving office. Verlag August Lax, Hildesheim 1992, ISBN 3-7848-6254-3 , p. 28.
  9. ↑ Julius Wilbrand: The disinfection on a large scale in cholera epidemics: According to scientific. Principien practische carried out in 1867 at Hildesheim. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1873, p. 44.
  10. ^ Johannes Heinrich Gebauer : History of the city of Hildesheim. 2 volumes, Lax, Hildesheim and Leipzig 1922–1924, Vol. II, p. 471.
  11. ↑ a b cf. Heinz Röhl: History of the gas and water supply in Hildesheim 1861-2001. Published by Selbstverlag , Hildesheim 2002, pp. 78, 85–86.
  12. ↑ Hildesheimer Allgemeine Zeitung : Hildesheimer story (s): Day 113. Godehard's fight with the dragon. (2015). Retrieved August 8, 2016.

Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 20.7 ″  N , 9 ° 57 ′ 26.9 ″  E