Salvatorkirche (Bettbrunn)
The Salvator Church (also: St. Salvator) in Bettbrunn in the Eichstätt district and in the diocese of Regensburg is a Baroque pilgrimage church that is dedicated to Salvator Mundi (Latin = "Savior of the world", means Jesus Christ).
wonder
In the year 1125, according to the legend, printed in Engerd's pilgrimage booklet from 1584, the following miracle should have occurred: A shepherd had built a consecrated host into his staff. When a thunderstorm broke up and the cattle ran apart, he threw his stick at the animals, whereupon the host fell on the ground and could not be picked up by either the shepherd or a priest. Finally, the Regensburg Bishop Hartwig came, who managed to raise the host. Then a wooden chapel was built over the rock on which the host was located. Bettbrunn is thus the oldest documented Bavarian pilgrimage to the host .
history
In 1329 the first wooden church burned down, and with it burned the host from 1125, which had been kept on the high altar. Thereupon a wooden miraculous image of St. Salvators, a picture of Christ that survived the fire. It is a 34 centimeter high wooden sculpture from the High Romanesque period (around 1125), depicting Jesus as king. The portrait was adorned with a silver heart, scepter and globe in the Baroque period in 1728. After the chapel was destroyed, the Regensburger Dombauhütte built a single-nave Gothic church 37 meters long in 1329–39. Several extensions followed later. Finally, in 1774, the nave was torn down due to its desolate condition and rebuilt in a wider form. The builder was the elector court mason Leonhard Matthäus Gießl from Vienna or Munich, who rebuilt the church according to plans by the Ingolstadt architect Veit Haltmayr . Since the old choir stopped, no new consecration had to be made. The three frescoes of the nave were painted in 1777 by the Bavarian court painter Christian Wink , who also created the choir ceiling fresco. The stucco was made by Franz Xaver Feichtmayr the Elder from 1777 to 1784 . J. Despite the early classicism of the stucco, the church furnishings are still largely Baroque .
The church tower, which is square in plan, 70 meters high and thus dominates the area far, merges into an octagon on the top floor; the dome is surmounted by a lantern topped by an onion. In this form the tower is the work of the parlier Johann Baptist Camesino , built 1681–84 according to plans by Jakob Engel . In 1963/64, due to severe cracking, the roof's thrust had to be absorbed by a reinforced concrete ring anchor and additional struts in the roof structure. From 1969 to 1978, 32 companies participated in a renovation under pastor and dean of the clergyman Gustav Reiss († 1988).
Today the church is a well-known place of pilgrimage, to which more than 60 parishes make pilgrimages every year. Every 100 years they bring a votive candle that is permanently set up in the choir room. Before the secularization of 1803 there were over 300 such specially decorated and particularly large candles, of which over 200 were lost during the secularization. Today there are again about 240 of these "ever-candles"; the oldest comes from Ingolstadt from 1378.
The pilgrimage church has also been a parish church since 1374; the parish has been looked after by the Augustinian hermits in Ingolstadt since 1650 , who were officially transferred to the parish in 1690. In 1653 the Bettbrunn pastor Father Sebastian Fridlin established the Rosary Brotherhood, which still exists today, and in 1670 the Arch Brotherhood of the Most Holy Sacrament. The pilgrimage was very popular in the House of Wittelsbach : Elector Maximilian I made a pilgrimage to Bettbrunn in autumn 1651 at the age of 79 and died a little later of a cold caught during the pilgrimage. In 1693 and 1743 there were papal indulgences. With the secularization, the Augustinian hermits had to leave their monastery in Bettbrunn. The pilgrimages were banned and only started again around 1860. Today the parish belongs to the Deanery Pförring of the Diocese of Regensburg . An extensive interior renovation was carried out in 2006–07.
The works of art in the church include a stone Salvator figure by Georg Vischer from 1526, an altar relief by Ulrich Vischer, carved in Ingolstadt in 1473, a Salvator painting from 1570 by Lucas Cranach the Elder. J. , a late Gothic winged altar in the upper sacristy, from Weißendorf , an ostensorium with Agnus-Dei (Lamb of God) wax disc around 1630, a St. James the Elder. J. from 1605, a Rococo Madonna Maria vom Siege from 1780, carved chair cheeks and an important nativity scene that is set up in front of a left side altar at Christmas time.
The place name originally referred to a draw well as Vebrunn or Pfebrunn; only with the pilgrimage did the people name the place Betbrunn (1378 so attested). The Salvator fountain in the oldest courtyard in the village was demolished during the secularization of 1803. In 1974 a new fountain was built on the south side of the church by the sculptor Barthelmeß, Ingolstadt.
organ
The organ was built in 1894 by Franz Borgias Maerz as op. 307. Register from a previous instrument from 1692 by Johann König is said to have been used (attribution questionable). The prospectus created in 1780 comes from Georg Wagner, Ingolstadt (?). In 1970 the organ was renovated and slightly rebuilt by L. Plößl. Today's disposition corresponds to that of Maerz with 20 stops on two manuals and pedal , it was reconstructed by Heribert Heick (Regensburg):
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P
- Playing aids : tutti, piano, mezzoforte
literature
- Johann Baptist Mehler : Pilgrimage booklet for healing. Salvator in Bettbrunn , 1925
- Josef Kettner (responsible): Pilgrimage Church of St. Salvator. In memory of the 850th anniversary of the pilgrimage and the renovation of the church. Kösching / Ingolstadt undated (approx. 1975)
- Collective sheet of the historical association Ingolstadt 87 (1978)
- Karl Recum (text): Pilgrimage Church of St. Salvator zu Bettbrunn (8-page, illustrated leaflet), Ottobeuren: Hannes Oefele Verlag, 2nd edition 1979
- Elmar Ettle: Oh holy Salvator help. The Kipfenberg pilgrimage to St. Salvator in Bettbrunn. 1979
- Parish and pilgrimage church St. Salvator zu Bettbrunn , Munich and Zurich: Schnell & Steiner, 8th revised edition 1989
Web links
See also
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ′ 22.5 " N , 11 ° 33 ′ 20.7" E