Samuel Linde
Samuel Gottlieb Linde (also Samuel Bogumił Linde , a later Polish translation) (born April 20, 1771 in Thorn , † August 8, 1847 in Warsaw ) was a pedagogue , linguist and librarian who was best known for his contributions to the lexicography of Polish .
Life
Linde was the son of Johann Jakobsen Lindt, who immigrated from Kulla in the Swedish province of Dalekarlien around 1749 and became a master locksmith and city councilor in Thorn, and the stonemason daughter Anna Barbara Langenhan from Coburg. An older brother was Johann Wilhelm Linde (1760-1840), pastor and school inspector in Danzig.
Linde studied law , philology and theology at the University of Leipzig . After the previous lecturer's death, Linde taught Polish language and literature there, although he first had to train himself in the language. Several Poles who lived in Leipzig and Dresden helped him with this. Among other things, scientific activities in Warsaw and Vienna followed .
Samuel Gottlieb Linde worked as a Countess Ossolinskian librarian in the Ossolinskische Bibliothek . He was then appointed as rector of the Royal Prussian Lyceum in Warsaw and librarian in Warsaw. In 1807, despite the Napoleonic war, Linde published the dictionary on which he had worked for many years with several Poles. The Polish Dictionary, Polish-German, German-Polish, the Słownik języka polskiego , the first scientific dictionary of the Polish language, is considered to be his main work. For six years he traveled through Galicia to the Moldau and collected material and books for the very detailed work in which Polish and other Slavic grammar, idioms and technical expressions are dealt with.
At the time of the Electors of Saxony as kings of Poland ( Saxony-Poland , since 1697), German architects and builders such as Joachim Daniel von Jauch and Ephraim Schröger came to Warsaw with their families. Other Germans from West Prussia also came to Warsaw, which was part of New East Prussia from 1795 to 1807 .
Linde herself was a Protestant and helped set up a Protestant church for the congregation of 8,000 Germans in Warsaw. This was also approved by the Russian tsars when they ruled Warsaw after the Napoleonic Wars . Linde is buried in the Evangelical Cemetery of the German Congregation of Augsburg Confession in Warsaw.
Linde was a member of academies of science and scientific societies in Berlin, Königsberg, Paris, Vilnius, St. Petersburg, Krakow, and Kazan.
In his honor, the twin cities Göttingen and Thorn donated the Samuel Bogumil Linde Prize .
family
Linde was married twice:
- Ludwika Bürger (1786–1823), daughter of a Warsaw trader.
- Ludwika Aleksandra Nussbaum (* 1800; † September 5, 1836), a Swiss native and friend of Frédéric Chopin , to whom he dedicated his Rondeau in C minor, Op. 1, written in 1825 .
Among the children of the family, Aleksandra Józefa Tekla Linde (1831-1896) should be emphasized, who later became the wife of Maurycy Karasowski (1823-1892), the author of the first Chopin monograph (1862). The daughter Emilie Isabella Marie Linde († 1857) married the theologian Leopold Otto in 1850 .
Publications
- Słownik języka polskiego
- De solatiis adversus mortis horrores in Platone et Novo Testamento obuiis commentatio . Leipzig: Klaubarth, 1792 (dissertation)
- Vincent Kadlubek, a historical-critical contribution , Joseph Maximilian Ossolinski and Samuel Gottlieb Linde, Warsaw 1822
- Translations from the Polish language
- Joseph Mikoscha: Journey of a Pole through the Moldau to Turkey . Leipzig: Crusius, 1793
- Franciszek Ksawery Dmochowski / Hugo Kołłątaj / Ignacy Potocki : On the rise and fall of the Polish Constitution of May 3rd, 1791 . Lemberg / Leipzig: Fleischer, 1793 (digitized version: part 1 , part 2 )
literature
- Peter von Koeppen: Samuel Gottlieb Linde. A biographical sketch . Berold, Vienna 1823 ( digitized version )
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Linde, Samuel Gottlieb . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 15th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1866, pp. 198–201 ( digitized version ).
- Jürgen Kämmerer: Linde, Samuel Gottlieb (Bogumił). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , p. 583 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Samuel Bogumił Linde: Autobiografia z 1823 roku . Do druku przygotował i wstępem opatrzył Marian Ptaszyk. Wyd. Uniwersytetu im. Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2000, ISBN 83-231-1150-2 ( digitized version )
- Karol Sauerland: German-Polish symbioses? Samuel Gottlieb Linde, Tadeusz Zieliński, Elida Maria Szarota , Ludwig Zimmerer . In: Matthias Weber (Ed.): Germany's East - Poland's West. Comparative studies on historical regional studies. (= Central Europe - Eastern Europe. Oldenburg Contributions to the Culture and History of Eastern Central Europe; Volume 2). Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2001, ISBN 3-631-37648-0
Web links
- Online version of the Słownik języka polskiego
- Searchable version of the Słownik języka polskiego
- Samuel Gottlieb Linde , short biography
- Samuel Gottlieb Linde , German Evangelical Congregation in Warsaw (English)
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Linde, Samuel |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Linde, Samuel Gottlieb (full name); Linde, Samuel Bogumił (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish linguist |
DATE OF BIRTH | April 20, 1771 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Thorn |
DATE OF DEATH | August 8, 1847 |
Place of death | Warsaw |