San Domenico (Perugia)

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View of San Domenico, Perugia
The cloister of San Domenico, 1455-1579

San Domenico is a church in the Umbrian city ​​of Perugia with the title of a minor basilica .

architecture

In 1304 the Dominicans were given a small parish church in the southwest of the city, below and outside the medieval wall ring. The order built a new, powerful, three-aisled hall church, which could only be completed in the 15th century (consecration in 1459). We can get an idea of ​​its shape by comparing it with the cathedral church , which was built around a century later and which had taken over essential features of the mendicant church . This process makes it clear what influence the actually northern European form of the hall church had on the architecture of Italy in the 14th century on the way via the architecture of the mendicant orders.

The wide-span central nave of the medieval building collapsed in 1614, so the church in its current form is a work of modern times. Only the outer walls remained of the Gothic building, they protrude far above the height of the baroque vaults. Carlo Maderno , the architect of the nave of St. Peter in Rome, created a largely new building (consecrated in 1632) with an unexposed barrel vault in the central nave , directly above the arcades .

The finely structured, originally preserved Renaissance cloister (1455–1579) forms a remarkable contrast to the massive forms of the church towering behind it.

Furnishing

San Domenico has one of the largest Gothic windows in art history in the slightly raised choir. It is stylistically inconsistent, the lower parts were created in 1411, parts above it after 1459. In addition, the state of preservation is poor, and it was repeatedly added and restored, especially in the years after 1867.

On a fresco from the 15th century from the priors chapel of Benedetto Bonfigli's palace, this large choir window by S. Domenico can be seen in the middle, in contrast to the other, much smaller church windows. Side and transept chapels have also been preserved from the Gothic building.

The rosary chapel on the 4th yoke of the right aisle was adorned by Agostino di Duccio in 1459, an altar wall made of stone and terracotta. The following chapel in the corner between the nave and the transept contains the tomb of Guglielmo Pontano from 1555; his reclining figures are based on the model of Etruscan sarcophagi. The first transept chapel on the right today shows the tomb of Pope Benedict XI. who died in Perugia in 1304. Stylistically related to sculptures by Arnolfo di Cambio in Orvieto , the papal tomb has recently been attributed to Lorenzo Maitani . Although transferred here from Santo Stefano, it is one of the best preserved Gothic wall tombs from the early 14th century. The 2nd transept chapel on the far left is dedicated to St. Thomas Aquinas, it houses frescoes with the murder of St. Peter Martyr and the stigmatization of St. Elisabeth , both saints canonized in this church .

organ

Baroque organ with 22 registers

The core of the organ goes back to an instrument by Luca Neri (Leonessa) from 1641. In 1748 Sallustio Lombardi and Ludovico Brochetti embellished the case. Modifications were made in 1778 by Tommaso Pagnini and in 1870 by Nicola Morettini. In 1921 Rodolfo Luna restored the instrument. The Morettini company carried out various work in 1946. The organ has 22 registers , which are distributed on a manual and pedal :

I Manual CD – d 3
Principale B / D 16 ′
Principale B / D 8th'
Principals II D 8th'
Ottava 8th'
Flauto Traverso 8th'
Voce umana D. 8th'
Flauto in ottava 4 ′
Violetta D 4 ′
Quintetto a Cuspide D. 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Dodicesima 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
continuation
Quindicesima 2 ′
Decimino D 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Diciannovesima 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Ventiduesima 1'
Ventinovesima 2 ⁄ 3 ′
Ventiseisima 1 ⁄ 2 ′
Corno inglese D 16 ′
Tromba 8th'
Bombardino B 4 ′
Pedal CD – c 0
Controbassi 16 ′
Basso 8th'
Basso 4 ′

literature

  • Francesco Federico Mancini, Giovanna Casagrande: Perugia. Art and history guide. Pellegrini, Perugia 1985.
  • Rolf Toman (ed.): The art of the Gothic. Architecture - sculpture - painting. Könemann, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-89508-313-5 .
  • Klaus Zimmermanns: Umbria. A landscape in the heart of Italy. (= DuMont documents. DuMont art travel guide ). DuMont, Cologne 1987, ISBN 3-7701-1684-4 , p. 96, fig. 27.

Web links

Commons : San Domenico  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The window is 21 meters high and 8.5 meters wide. There are probably only two windows that are larger, namely first the choir window of Gloucester Cathedral in England with 24 meters high and 12 meters wide (= 185 m²) and the apse window of the Milan Cathedral .
  2. ↑ orgel Databank: Organ in Perugia , accessed on January 8, 2019.

Coordinates: 43 ° 6 ′ 23.7 "  N , 12 ° 23 ′ 30.3"  E