Sand rapunzel

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sand rapunzel
Mountain Sand Bells (Jasione montana)

Mountain Sand Bells ( Jasione montana )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Genre : Sand rapunzel
Scientific name
Jasione
L.

The jasione , sand bells or devil's claw ( Jasione ) are a genus of flowering plants in the family of Bellflower Family (Campanulaceae). The approximately 14 species are distributed from Europe to the Mediterranean .

description

Illustration of the mountain sandbell ( Jasione montana )
Jasione crispa
Jasione heldreichii
Persistent sand bell ( Jasione laevis )
Mountain Sand Bells ( Jasione montana )

Vegetative characteristics

Jasione species are annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants . The leaves are arranged alternately. The leaf blades are simple.

Generative characteristics

The spherical inflorescences usually contain many flowers. There are one or more bracts at the base of the inflorescences . There are no supporting or cover sheets . There are at most short flower stalks.

A "bell-shaped flower shape" can only be seen when looking at the terminal flowers. The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused. There are no appendages between the five calyx tips. The five petals are fused at their base. The five corolla lobes are linear-lanceolate. There are five stamens . The free stamens are awl-shaped. The stump bags are usually connected to one another at their base. The stylus, which is hairy in the upper half, ends in two scars.

The capsule fruits open with two fruit flaps in the upper area.

Sets of chromosomes

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12, there are also tetra- and hexaploid species in addition to the diploid species. Rare ( Jasione montana var. Litoralis ) occurs 2n = 14.

Locations

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The Jasione species usually grow in lime-poor, sunny and dry locations.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Jasione was established by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Jasione L. are: Ovilla Adans. , Jasionella Stoj. & Stef. , Urumovia Stef.

The genus Jasione is widespread from western, central, northern, eastern to southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean region. Few species are neophytes in some areas . There are around nine species in Europe.

The genus Jasione includes around 14 species, here with their distribution:

  • Jasione bulgarica Stoj. & Stef. : It occurs only in Bulgaria .
  • Jasione cavanillesii C.Vicioso : It occurs only in northwestern Spain .
  • Jasione corymbosa Poir. ex Schult. : It is common in the western Mediterranean ( Iberian Peninsula , Algeria , Morocco ).
  • Jasione crispa (Pourr.) Samp. : The ten or so subspecies are common in the western Mediterranean:
    • Jasione crispa subsp. amethystina (Lag. & Rodr.) Tutin : It occurs only in southern Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. arvernensis Tutin : It occurs only in south-central France. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. cedretorum (Pau & Font Quer) Dobignard : It occurs in Morocco. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. crispa : It occurs in Spain and France. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. lanuginella (Litard. & Maire) Lambinon & Lewalle : It occurs in Morocco.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. mariana (Will.) Rivas Mart. : It occurs only in central Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. mesatlantica (Emb. & Maire) Dobignard : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. sessiliflora (Boiss. & Reut.) Tutin : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Portugal and Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. tomentosa (A.DC.) Rivas Mart. : It occurs only in southern and west-central Spain. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.
    • Jasione crispa subsp. varduliensis Uribe-Ech. : It occurs only in northern Spain.
  • Jasione foliosa Cav. : There have been two subspecies since 2002:
    • Jasione foliosa Cav. subsp. foliosa : It occurs only in southern Spain .
    • Jasione foliosa subsp. mansanetiana (Roselló & Peris) Rivas Mart. ( Jasione mansanetiana Roselló & Peris ): It has been a subspecies since 2002 and only occurs in central Spain.
  • Jasione heldreichii Boiss. & Orph. : It is distributed from the Balkan Peninsula via Aegean Islands to western Turkey .
  • Jasione idaea Stoj. : It occurs only in western Turkey.
  • Perennial sand bells ( Jasione laevis Lam. ): There are two subspecies:
    • Jasione laevis subsp. carpetana (Boiss. & Reut.) Rivas Mart. : It occurs only in central Spain.
    • Jasione laevis Lam. subsp. carpetana : It is only at home from Spain to France. It is a neophyte in a few European regions.
  • Jasione maritima (Duby) LMDufour ex Merino : It occurs from northwestern Portugal to southwestern France .
  • Mountain sand bells ( Jasione montana L .; Syn .: Jasione lusitanica A. DC. ): The three subspecies are widespread in Europe and North Africa.
  • Jasione orbiculata Griseb. ex Velen. : It is common in southeast Europe and Italy.
  • Jasione penicillata Boiss. : This endemic occurs only in the Spanish Sierra Tejeda .
  • Jasione sphaerocephala Brullo, Marcenò & Pavone : This endemic occurs only in southwestern Italy .
  • Jasione supina Sieber ex Spreng. : The four subspecies are common in Turkey:
    • Jasione supina subsp. akmanii Damboldt : It occurs only in northern Turkey.
    • Jasione supina subsp. pontica (Boiss.) Damboldt : It occurs only in northern Turkey.
    • Jasione supina subsp. supina : It only occurs in western Turkey.
    • Jasione supina subsp. tmolea (Stoj.) Damboldt : It occurs only in western Turkey.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e A. Fedorov, M. Kovanda: Campanulaceae . In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). tape 4 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 100-102 ( Jasione L. on pp. 100-102 in the Google book search).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Jasione. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved February 10, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Jasione crispa at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

literature

  • Hans Simon, Leo Jelitto, Wilhelm Schacht: The outdoor ornamental perennials: manual and lexicon of garden perennials . 5th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3265-6 .
  • A. Fedorov, M. Kovanda: Campanulaceae . In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). tape 4 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 100-102 ( Jasione L. on pp. 100-102 in the Google book search).

Web links

Commons : Sandrapunzeln ( Jasione )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files