Schoenstatt Chapel
Schoenstatt Chapels ( Schoenstatt Shrines ) are small chapels with a typical design that are identifying features and local centers of the Roman Catholic Schoenstatt Movement . They are all modeled on the original shrine in Vallendar-Schoenstatt , which as the founding place is the spiritual and symbolic center of the movement.
meaning
Based on the spirituality of the Schoenstatt Movement, the original congregational chapel was called a shrine . With the later replicas, this was given the suffix Ur-Heiligtum , the replicas are also called Filial-Heiligtum (from the Latin filia , daughter ). This name expresses the conviction that the chapels are a sacred place where the “miracle of grace” works through the covenant of love with the Blessed Mother. The so-called pilgrimage favors are associated with the sanctuary : Above all, the grace of "entreatment, spiritual transformation and apostolic fertility", or "home, change, mission" for short.
The Schoenstatt chapels are spiritual and social centers of movement and, thanks to the structural reference to the Original Shrine, create a concrete visual reference to the place of origin in Schoenstatt as the primary place of grace. On a smaller scale, this function also meets the home shrine .
A stylized Schoenstatt chapel also adorns the emblem and flags of the Schoenstatt Movement.
architecture
All Schoenstatt chapels are based on the original shrine in their design, but sometimes with clear deviations.
The chapel consists of a single room on the ground floor. An elongated hexagonal apse is set off on the narrow side of the rectangular floor plan . Inside, the slightly raised choir is completely in the apse and is delimited by a segmented arch and a wooden rood screen. There is a round arch portal on the opposite side . On the long sides of the main building and the apse, a latticed lead glass window is embedded in a round arch niche and decorated with different motifs. The facade is plastered white all around, the pointed gable roof covered with black roof slate. Set off towards the apse, it converges there in a conical section. Above the portal there is an open roof turret with a curved hood. A free-swinging bell hangs in the roof turret, which can be operated by a cable pull from inside the portal.
Interior
The wooden high altar stands in the middle of the apse. The tabernacle protrudes in the middle of the altarpiece , the two door wings of which are carved in relief and framed by volutes . A niche sits on top of it, flanked on the sides by spiral columns and bordered by spherical friezes above and below . Usually there is the altar cross , which is usually designed as a cross of unity ; the monstrance can also be added for Eucharistic adoration . The tabernacle structure is flanked to the left and right by statues of Saints Paul and Peter , which are placed on projections of the reredos. The figures are carved as wood carvings from the same wood (often dark walnut or chestnut) and carry swords and keys made of metal as iconographic attributes .
Above the tabernacle, a typical altarpiece is the depiction of the Refuge of sinners with Mary and baby Jesus by Luigi Crosio , known as the MTA ( Mater Ter Admirabilis ) picture . The picture is surrounded by an elongated octagonal frieze. That is why the inscription servus mariae nunquam peribit (“A servant of Mary will never perish”) is placed in a light frame set with precious stones . The entire reredos are framed by curved columns with Corinthian capitals and volutes that are rotting.
On the left sloping wall of the apse there is a statue of the Archangel Michael , to whom the original cemetery chapel was dedicated. Other usual furnishings include the eye of providence , a dove of the Holy Spirit, a corner cupboard with a statue of Joseph, candlesticks and a jug for prayer requests. There are usually three or four pews on either side of the aisle, depending on the equipment variant.
Original Shrine
In the old cemetery chapel on the grounds of the Pallottine settlement in Schoenstatt, Father Josef Kentenich made the covenant of love with some of his confreres in 1914 and thus founded the Schoenstatt Movement. The medieval chapel then acquired a new meaning as the original shrine as the spiritual and symbolic center of the movement.
It has been a recognized pilgrimage site of the Catholic Church since 1947 and is visited annually by tens of thousands of pilgrims from all over the world.
location
The Original Shrine is located in the valley of Schoenstatt south of the Hillscheider Bach and framed by the monumental, elevated buildings of the Federal Home and the Philosophical-Theological University of Vallendar . The chapel is easterly, behind the apse are buried in the heroes' graves five Schoenstatters who died in the First and Second World Wars. Opposite the entrance is the former student dormitory, known as the old house , in which the sacristy is located. Behind it are the Palotti Church , the Wasserburg House and a bell tower as the last remnant of the medieval Augustinian monastery. The chapel stands in the north-western corner of the pilgrimage square surrounded by a sandstone wall. On its north side, Palottistraße runs past the chapel, at the eastern end there is the access to the university, a large car park for pilgrims and with the pilgrims 'center and the pilgrims' home, two further points of contact for pilgrims of the Marian pilgrimage site.
history
The cemetery chapel of the Schoenstatt Augustinian convent founded on October 4, 1143, dedicated to Archangel Michael , was first mentioned on September 28, 1319. The oldest foundations, however, go back to the 12th century. In the chapel the nuns prayed the hours of intercession for the buried; the cemetery was a source of income for the monastery. On September 18, 1319, the chapel received three vineyards, the proceeds of which were used to finance the monastery and the daily mass.
After the monastery was closed in 1567, owners changed several times and large parts of the monastery complex were destroyed in the Thirty Years War , including the cemetery chapel, which was rebuilt in 1681. From 1812 the chapel was used as a storage room until the property came into the possession of the Dorsemagen family in 1890, who furnished the building with a statue of the Madonna of Lourdes and used it as a prayer room. In 1901 the Pallottines settled in Vallendar, and the chapel was used again for mass celebrations from July 5th . In autumn the altar was brought to the house chapel of the student dormitory and replaced on April 2, 1902 by a new, primitive altar with a Pietà . In September 1903 the chapel was equipped with electric light. After the new Pallottine student residence was relocated to the mountain in 1912, the chapel was only used as a storage room for garden tools and even the demolition of the student residence and chapel was considered. In the summer of 1914, Father Kentenich requested permission to use the Michael's Chapel as a meeting room for his newly founded Marian Congregation . Thereupon it was prepared accordingly and received a fireplace in addition to a new door and a statue of Michael. On October 18, the first meeting with around 54 sodals and candidates took place in the former cemetery chapel, which is later referred to as the founding document of the Schoenstatt Movement. On November 4, the Holy of Holies was brought into the tabernacle, and on November 8, the second meeting was held. On December 8th, 17 new members were consecrated in the chapel and the Congregatio Minor ("small congregation") was founded with 22 younger students .
“As for our second patron, St. Aloysius, the Chapel of Our Lady in Florence, may our congregational chapel become the cradle of holiness for us. Today I know that the bold word found an echo in heaven. In many cases it seems to our mistress and mother to have been the yardstick and norm for the dispensing of graces. "
On Good Friday 1915, the Congregation was given a copy of the image of the Virgin as a Refuge of sinners and hung in the chapel above the altar; the statue of Michael standing there before moved onto a pedestal on the left wall. On June 26th, Kentenich wrote that, after a long search for a title, the image of Mary is now venerated as Mater ter admirabilis (“Mother three times wonderful”). In June, Sodale Konder donated a Sacred Heart statue that was placed on the left corner cupboard, and a stone floor was laid at the turn of the year. The oldest photo of the interior was taken on March 23, 1917. In the first half of 1918 the Sacred Heart statue was replaced by a statue of St. Aloisius of Gonzaga , the second patron of the Congregation, and the Sacred Heart statue by a statue of St. John Berchmans . To celebrate the reunion after the First World War and the five-year existence of the congregation, the MTA picture received an electrically illuminated light frame built by Fritz Esser on April 27, 1918 (White Sunday). A plaque with 109 names was placed on the right side wall, and a shrine with iron crosses followed in July on the left wall .
After the number of members of the congregation had grown and the apostolic union had been founded, on October 28, 1919, the Provincial Fr. Kolb handed over the old house and chapel to the responsibility of the apostolic union. Soon after, the chapel received a small interior renovation and a white paint job. After the end of his tenure as Provincial, Father Kolb was given responsibility for the chapel from Kentenich on December 23, 1919, and two days later the first Holy Mass after the renovation was celebrated. From 1922 to 1926, Palottine women cared for the sanctuary, who had previously worked in the hospital during the war, which was housed in the student home. In 1923 the small wooden benches were replaced by larger ones and in the autumn the leaders' conference of the Apostolic Covenant decided to enlarge the chapel, but postponed the implementation due to the new building of the federal home. In the following year an extensive renovation took place in which the floor was raised 50 cm and equipped with fir wood; A 5 cm thick wall was attached to the walls for moisture insulation.
The Schoenstatt Sisters of Mary were founded in 1926 and then took over the care of the chapel. On March 19, 1927 (Joseph's Day), a statue of Joseph was placed on the left corner cupboard, the Aloysius statue moved to the right and the figure of St. Johannes Berchmans disappeared from the chapel. After two break-ins in July and October 1928, the Holy of Holies was transferred to the Old House at night. On December 24, 1929, a permanent exposure of the Holy of Holies began in the chapel and at night in the house chapel of the Old House. In 1932 the chapel got a new parquet floor and in 1933 the Joseph statue was replaced by a new one. In 1934 the pictures of the Stations of the Cross were removed from the sanctuary and instead a Stations of the Cross were set up on the perimeter wall of the pilgrimage site. In March / April a new altar and a new communion bench were installed. On April 9th she was consecrated to the patronage of the Motherhood of Mary by Provincial Father Baumann. The patronage festival was put on October 11th, so that a solemn octave can be celebrated until October 18th as the founding day of the Schoenstatt Movement. On the night of August 21st to 22nd, the remains of Max Brunner and Hans Wormer were buried behind the sanctuary. While the new age was initially occupied by two worshiping angels, these were replaced on November 12, 1935 by the apostle figures Peter and Paul, the wooden crown of the MTA picture was gilded and the three times wonderful mother proclaimed Queen of the Apostles . On December 15, the heroes' graves behind the chapel were redesigned and an Engling stone was erected, which was given a marble plaque on October 31, 1938. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Schoenstatt Movement, on December 10, 1939, Father Kentenich presented the three times wonderful mother with a crown of gold in the name of the Sisters of Mary and the whole movement.
On October 18, 1942, the first faithful replica was inaugurated in Nueva Helvecia in Uruguay . On October 4, 1946, the Holy Spirit dove was attached. On October 17th, the urns of Alfred Eise and Franz Reinisch were buried at the heroes' graves and the first bells of the Adoration Church were consecrated. Pope Pius XII granted indulgences to the sanctuary on April 9, 1947 . On May 20th, a new light frame made of precious metal and precious stones, a coronation gift from the women of Schoenstatt , was attached to the altar and on October 18th the Inscriptio Cross was erected. The women's league donated a new tabernacle on May 31, 1948, the interior of which was clad with five silver plates a year later. On October 20, 1948, the heroes' graves were redesigned and a new Englingstein was erected. The Apostolate of the Sick gave a new altar stone on October 18, 1949, and the Refugee Agency a new holy water font on August 15, 1950. The Pallottine Fathers replaced the Aloysius statue on January 21, 1951 with a Palotti group. In February 1952 an electric heating with oil filling was installed, the superfluous chimney was dismantled in March. The Palloottiner Fathers replaced the old Joseph statue on March 19, 1953 (St. Joseph's Day) with a representation of St. Joseph as the patron of the church. On November 1, 1954, a sanctuary flag was raised in Rome. The women's association donated the gilding of the picture frame on December 1st, and the Sick League on March 27th, 1961 a new door. On October 18, 1964, the Pallottines donated a new bell to mark its 50th anniversary. After his return from exile, Father Kentenich celebrated Christmas mass in the chapel on December 24th. As a result of the conflict with the Pallottines, the chapel came under the responsibility of the Pallottines again on July 1, 1967, after the Sisters of Mary had taken care of it since 1926. The roof of the chapel was completely renewed from November 5 to December 23, 2001. The Provincial Assembly of the Pallottines decided on May 22nd, 2014 to donate the chapel and the adjacent pilgrimage site to the Schoenstatt Movement on the occasion of its 100th anniversary.
distribution
The first replica was made in Nueva Helvecia in Uruguay in 1943 . There are 200 chapels worldwide, 56 of which are in Germany , 29 in the rest of Europe and 76 in South America . Many chapels are part of regional Schoenstatt Centers with other facilities such as educational and conference centers as well as branches of the Schoenstatt Communities. At the place of origin in Schoenstatt there are a total of 14 chapels in close proximity including the original shrine, which belong to different houses of the branches of the Schoenstatt Movement.
| country | number |
|---|---|
 Germany
|
56 |
 Brazil
|
22nd |
 Chile
|
21st |
 Argentina
|
19th |
 United States
|
9 |
 Switzerland
|
7th |
 Poland
|
6th |
 South Africa
|
5 |
 India
|
5 |
 Ecuador
|
4th |
 Puerto Rico
|
4th |
 Portugal
|
4th |
 Mexico
|
4th |
 Australia
|
3 |
 Spain
|
3 |
 Paraguay
|
3 |
 Burundi
|
2 |
 Dominican Republic
|
2 |
 United Kingdom
|
2 |
 Colombia
|
2 |
 Italy
|
2 |
 Peru
|
2 |
 Uruguay
|
1 |
 Tanzania
|
1 |
 France
|
1 |
 Austria
|
1 |
 Bolivia
|
1 |
 Czech Republic
|
1 |
 Philippines
|
1 |
 Nigeria
|
1 |
 Hungary
|
1 |
 Croatia
|
1 |
| continent | number |
|---|---|
| Europe | 85 |
| South America | 75 |
| North America | 13 |
| Africa | 9 |
| Central America | 6th |
| Asia | 5 |
| Oceania | 4th |
photos
Schoenstatt Shrine in the garden of the former Weidtman Castle in Koblenz
Schoenstatt Shrine of the Diocese of Hildesheim in Bad Salzdetfurth
Schoenstatt Shrine of the Diocese of Fulda in Künzell-Dietershausen
Schoenstatt Shrine in La Serena (Chile)
Schoenstatt Shrine in Florencio Varela (Argentina)
literature
- Lothar Penners: Sanctuary . In: Hubertus Brantzen (Ed.): Schoenstatt Lexicon: Facts - Ideas - Life . 2nd unchanged edition. Patris-Verlag, Vallendar 2002, ISBN 3-87620-195-0 ( moriah.de [accessed on May 30, 2016]).
- Peter Wolf (Hrsg.): Lebensquelle sanctuary. Patris-Verlag, Vallendar 2014, ISBN 978-3-87620-376-8 .
Web links
- Schoenstatt Shrines in the World
- Original Shrine website
- Virtual Schoenstatt Shrine
- Homepage of the pilgrimage in Schoenstatt
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Lothar Penners: Sanctuary . In: Hubertus Brantzen (Ed.): Schoenstatt Lexicon: Facts - Ideas - Life . 2nd unchanged edition. Patris-Verlag, Vallendar 2002, ISBN 3-87620-195-0 ( moriah.de [accessed on May 30, 2016]).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Heinrich M. Hug, Agathe Hug: Zeittafel. (No longer available online.) In: urheiligtum.de. Antonio Bracht, archived from the original on May 31, 2016 ; accessed on May 31, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Schoenstatt Shrines in the World (April 2011)
Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '8.9 " N , 7 ° 37' 39.1" E