Royally Privileged Shooting Society 1443 Volkach

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Royal Privileged Shooting Society 1443 Volkach
(Kgl. Priv. Schützenges. 1443 Volkach)
purpose Shooting club
Chair: Uwe Gimperlein
Establishment date: 1844
Number of members: 176 (2015)
Seat : Im Seelein 16, Volkach
Website: www.schützen-volkach.de

The Königlich Privilegierte Schützengesellschaft 1443 Volkach (also Königlich Privilegierte Schützengesellschaft from 1443 , Schützen-Gilde Volkach ) is a shooting club in Volkach, Lower Franconia . It stands in the tradition of the Sebastian Brotherhood, first mentioned in 1440, and was re-established in 1844.

history

From brotherhood to society (until 1490)

With the year 1258, when the place was first mentioned as "civitas" (lat. City), Volkach had become the most important place in the county of Castell . From then on, the citizens of the newly created city also became part of the municipal military association. Societies or guilds quickly established themselves here and in other places , which met to practice their shooting skills and were promoted by the respective authorities .

Although the society probably went back to the 13th century, it was first recorded in 1440 as part of the Sebastian Brotherhood. These brotherhoods, mostly founded as a prayer association, chose St. Sebastian as their patron , because crossbow shooting was also practiced here . In the Volkacher brotherhood book of 1442 it says: "(...) be together the Ersamen / the citizens and gunmen of stat Volkach (...)".

The Schützen remained part of the brotherhood for another year before becoming independent in 1443. This was preceded by an anniversary foundation by the Volkach citizen Martin Beck. He bequeathed 38 guilders to the riflemen and thus established the material basis of society. However, the actual independence was only achieved through the spiritual care of a vicar . As a result, the society received the church license it had hoped for.

Members of all social classes in the city could become part of the new society. Festschießen quickly established itself in Volkach, too, and it often attracted shooting societies from other places to Volkach. In 1462 people invited to the festival shooting in Volkach, in 1468 the riflemen traveled to Ochsenfurt . In 1473 people shot for the so-called country treasure in Schweinfurt (a price that - as a silver tartsche with attached miniature rifle - was also awarded in Würzburg when shooting with a crossbow or free shooting with a hand rifle), in 1490 this price was tried in the diocese metropolis of Würzburg to achieve.

From the crossbow to the rifle (until 1648)

The rifleman Leonhard Frühauff swears the oath, Volkacher Salbuch folio 446r

Up until now, shooting with crossbows, which were the property of every shooter, was the first time shooting with rifles was mentioned. Initially, both weapons were probably used in parallel. Since the riflemen made a great contribution to urban security, their chairmen also held a city office. In the Volkacher Salbuch of 1504 it says: "Every rifleman should vow to the mayor to the saints as he swore afterwards."

In 1528, at the urging of their city lord, the Würzburg prince-bishop , the riflemen also had to go into the Hessian War. For this they received a so-called “ tear money ”. Bishop sponsorship resulted in the society being given an income when shooting every Sunday. The authorities also provided representative clothing. In 1582 the riflemen even got their own rifle house in front of the Upper Gate .

In addition to the bishop, local noble families also sponsored the Volkacher Schützen. In the meantime, a shooter extract had established itself once a year and the shooting letters, invitations to the shooting competition, were sent to cities that were increasingly distant. In 1567 and 1599 invitations were sent to the companies in Nuremberg , Rothenburg ob der Tauber , Suhl , Hildburghausen and Schleusingen . The cities in what is now Thuringia were popular competition opponents because of their rifle industry.

After the societies had flourished in the second half of the 16th century, there was a decline in the 17th century. The reason for this was also the increasing professionalization of the military and the further development of armament. In the Thirty Years' War , the Volkach riflemen were called out for the impending emergency, but the city was captured by the Swedes without a fight because resistance would only have resulted in senseless bloodshed.

From society to association (until today)

The 18th century was marked by a renewed establishment for the Volkacher Schützen. After their founding purpose, city defense , had become obsolete, they tried to convince the Würzburg prince-bishop to issue a new shooting order. So far, the Volkacher could only rely on customary law . At the same time they wanted to revive old, festive traditions with the musical anniversary of 1741.

After the prince-bishopric of Würzburg was secularized in 1802, Volkach became part of the electorate, later the Kingdom of Bavaria . On February 1, 1844, the rifle society was given a new order based on the Bavarian rifle regulations of 1796. From then on she could also call herself royally “privileged”. A large festival shooting took place in Volkach in 1856, and in 1862 a “solennes” main shooting was held.

After the events of 1848 and the Gaibacher Festival near Volkach, the Bavarian government doubted the political views of the shooting clubs and tried to stop the meetings. Nonetheless, in 1893 the Volkacher Schützenverein was able to hold a public lift . After the promotion of sporting activity increased in the 20th century, the association was able to announce the establishment of a shooting range construction fund in 1921 .

With the seizure of power of the Nazis in 1933, all clubs were on the so-called " principle of leadership changed." From now on, a club leader was to manage the shooter's business. The Volkach association members were so dissatisfied with this that they dissolved their association on December 18, 1934 and handed over the assets and movables to the city of Volkach in trustworthy hands. The association's activities were suspended during the “Third Reich”.

After the end of the Second World War , it took a few years before the association was allowed to re-establish itself. On January 20, 1959, the Volkacher resumed the association. From then on, the two pillars of “sport” and “maintaining tradition” were the focus of the shooting society. At first they shot at the Haßmann bowling alley before they could move to today's shooting range in the south of Volkach in 1975.

Shooting range

The Volkacher Schützen have their shooting range in the Volkach industrial area "Im Seelein". The pistol and air rifle are used for shooting , and large-caliber weapons can also be used. The association provides a total of 17 shooting ranges for firearms shooters. Some stands are covered. The shooting club also has a large youth department. Here you can shoot with air rifles and air pistols .

In addition, an archery department was set up in 1992. The club was advised by the former national trainer Reinhild Weinlich and the international referee Helmut Weinlich. The archery range was built right next to that of the other archers. As a summer facility, training takes place in the gym of the Volkach elementary school in winter. The recurve and compound bow are used for shooting .

Known shooters

  • Philipp Grimm , European champion 2015 in the individual and team competition air pistol, training in Volkach

literature

  • Gerhard Egert: The Volkacher Riflemen around 1500 . In: Gerhard Egert, Herbert Meyer, Georg Wehner (eds.): Schützen in Volkach. Contributions to the history of shooting in a small Franconian town (= Volkacher Hefte No. 1) . Volkach 1982. pp. 21-44.
  • Ute Feuerbach: 50 years of royal private rifle society from 1443 Volkach. A re-establishment on a great traditional foundation . In: Ute Feuerbach (ed.): Our Main Loop. 2008-2017 . Volkach 2018. pp. 38–44.
  • Herbert Meyer: Volkach and his shooters through the ages . In: Gerhard Egert, Herbert Meyer, Georg Wehner (eds.): Schützen in Volkach. Contributions to the history of shooting in a small Franconian town (= Volkacher Hefte No. 1) . Volkach 1982. pp. 5-20.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schützen-Volkach: Archive, General Assembly 2015 , accessed on November 7, 2016.
  2. ↑ Meyer, Herbert: Volkach and his shooters . P. 7.
  3. ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The Volkacher Schützen around 1500 . P. 21.
  4. ^ Wolfgang Schneider: Folk culture and everyday life. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001–2007, Volume 1 (2001): From the beginnings to the outbreak of the Peasants' War. ISBN 3-8062-1465-4 , pp. 491-514 and 661-665, here: pp. 501 f. and 663.
  5. ↑ Meyer, Herbert: Volkach and his shooters . P. 9.
  6. ↑ Egert, Gerhard: The Volkacher Schützen around 1500 . P. 22.
  7. ↑ Meyer, Herbert: Volkach and his shooters . P. 18.
  8. ↑ Meyer, Herbert: Volkach and his shooters . P. 18.
  9. ↑ Protect-Volkach: arch Department , accessed on 13 November 2016th
  10. ↑ inSwissfrancs of 17 March 2015: Philipp Grimm on Europe's throne , accessed on 10 November 2016th
  11. ↑ Schützen-Volkach: Reports, Schützen are on cloud nine , accessed on November 10, 2016.

Coordinates: 49 ° 51 ′ 27.5 ″  N , 10 ° 13 ′ 46.5 ″  E