Schauenstein (noble family)
The von Schauenstein family was a noble knightly family in the Chur monastery . First mentioned in 1258 and extinct in 1742.
history
Knight Burkhard and his brother Gottfried von Schauenstein are first mentioned in a document in 1258. They had their headquarters at the castle of the same name in the Masein community in the Hinterrhein region . The aristocratic family owned significant property on Heinzenberg and Domleschg . The Schauenstein were ministerials to the prince-bishops of Chur and members of the cathedral chapter there . The noble family had their own burial place in the Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption (Chur) . In the 14th century, the Schauenstein Vizedom were in Domleschg and the governors of the Cazis monastery . They were the leading nobility of the Chur monastery in Domleschg. In 1320 part of the family named themselves after their seat Burg Ehrenfels . In 1350 members of the Burg Untertagstein family acquired the castle . The Schauenstein were also involved in the so-called "Rhäzünser Feud" (1395), a dispute between the Barons of Rhäzüns , the Counts of Werdenberg and the Chur monastery over territories in Domleschg. The Rhäzüns became and in 1418 the Schauenstein Castle Campell was given a fiefdom by John IV , Bishop of Chur.
Until the middle of the 17th century, the Schauenstein belonged to the leading noble families in the Bündner Land . They were governors in Maienfeld ; held the highest offices in the Valtellina . In 1583 they acquired the rule of Trins with Tamins , Reichenau and Trin , in 1616 after the family took their seat there, it was renamed the Reichenau rule. From 1608 to 1701, the Schauenstein also held the Haldenstein rule in their possession. In 1612 Thomas von Schauenstein received the baron diploma from Emperor Matthias and called himself "Franz Thomas Graf von Schauenstein, Baron von Schauenstein and Ehrenfels, Lord of Reichenau and Haldenstein" . He bequeathed this title to his nephew Johann Anton von Buol-Schauenstein , as he had no descendants himself - see: Buol (noble family) .
Reign of Trin
Also known as Hohentrin's rule, a feudal castle " Crap Sogn Parcazi " has been the seat of rule since the High Middle Ages and emerged from an old royal estate. In the 13th century as a fief of the Reichenau Monastery to the Lords of Frauenberg and around 1310 to the Lords of Werdenberg-Heiligenberg. In 1428 the rule, consisting of the area of the communities Trin , Tamins and Reichenau GR , passed to the Lords of Hewen. In 1470, after the fire in the castle on Crap Sogn Parcazi, the seat of power was relocated to Castle Canaschal (municipality of Trin) or Reichenau. In 1568 the rule passed to Johann von Planta († 1572) and in 1583 to Rudolf von Buol-Schauenstein . In 1616, Trin bought himself free from all rights of rule with 10,000 kroner. The rule, now reduced to the village of Tamins and the bridge town of Reichenau, was henceforth called the Reichenau rule.
coat of arms
Buol-Schauenstein coat of arms (1805) (FIG: 1831): Divided and split twice, covered with a split heart shield covered by a red ermine hat, in it the younger family coat of arms on the right, three silver fish on top of each other in red on the left (coat of arms † Schauenstein), 1 in silver Red bar accompanied by six (3, 3) blue balls, 2 in a field covered by blue and silver iron hats a gold bar, 3 in blue two silver ibex horns, 4 in silver a fallen black buffalo horn, 5 in silver three notched black diagonal bars, 6 divided by black and gold three times; five helmets, 1. with red and silver covers inside a growing golden lion holding a scepter, 2. with blue and silver covers the maiden of the heraldic coat of arms, 3. with black and gold covers a black double eagle (imperial sign of grace), 4. with red-silver blankets a red ermine hat on which a silver fish lies (coat of arms-crest of Schauenstein), 4. with blue-silver blankets two silver ibex horns; Shield holder: on the right a golden lion standing against it, on the left a man in armor, the helmet decorated with three (red, silver, red) ostrich feathers, in the left hand holding a lowered sword.
possession
- Ehrenfels Castle (Sils) since 1742
- Schlössli Parpan since 1603
- Rietberg Castle since 1670
- Untertagstein Castle even before 1742
people
- Johann Anton von Buol-Strassberg (* 1601; † 1662) founder of the Churwalder line of Buol- Strassberg and Schauenstein
- Paul von Buol-Strassberg and Rietberg (* 1634; † 1697), Imperial Baron, Bundslandammann of the Ten Court Association
- Rudolf Anton von Buol-Schauenstein (* 1705; † 1765) Imperial Baron, Court Chamber Councilor, envoy
- Johann Anton von Buol-Schauenstein (* 1710, † 1771) Reichsgraf, Freiherr von Schauenstein and Ehrenfels, Lord of Reichenau and Tamins, district judge
- Karl Ferdinand von Buol-Schauenstein (* 1797; † 1865), Austrian statesman
literature
- Peter Conradin von Planta: Schauenstein (von). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Paul Eugen Grimm, The Beginnings of the Graubünden Aristocracy in the 15th and 16th Centuries , 1981
- Silvio Färber, The Bündner Herrenstand in the 17th Century: Political, Social and Economic Aspects of Its Dominance , University of Zurich 1983
- Otto Paul Clavadetscher, Werner Meyer, The Burgenbuch von Graubünden , Füssli 1984
- Martin Bundi: Trins. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Hans Erni, Historia dil signuradi de Trin e della vischnaunca de Trin , Bischofberger & Hotzenköcherle 1913