Shemaryahu Levin

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Shemaryahu Levin, 1906

Shmaryahu Levin , also Shmarya Levin and Šemaryāhû Lewin ( Russian Шмарьяху Хаимович Левин ; born in 1867 in Svislach River , Minsk province , Russian Empire , died 9. June 1935 in Haifa ) was a Zionist politician , journalist and writer .

Life

Schemarjahu Levin studied until the age of 15 at several Talmud schools , then at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin and the Albertus-Universität Königsberg . In Konigsberg doctorate he 1900. Dr. phil. As a student in Berlin he was already active in Zionism. With Leo Motzkin he was one of the pioneers in the Russian-Jewish Scientific Association (founded in 1887), from which many leading personalities of the Zionist movement later emerged. In 1903 he appeared at the 6th Zionist Congress as an opponent of the British Uganda program . In the same year he also moved to Germany, where he became a committed employee in the Aid Association of German Jews .

Later appointed Crown Rabbi in Grodno and Yekaterinoslav , he was particularly involved in the Jewish school system, where he was able to achieve an expansion of the Hebrew curriculum. In 1905 he took the position of preacher (prayer house Taarath kodesch ) in Vilna and published a Yiddish daily newspaper. As a member of the first Russian Duma from 1906 onwards, he made widely publicized speeches to raise awareness of the Jewish question .

At the 8th Zionist Congress ( The Hague, 1907), he gave a key speech on national education in Palestine. From 1911 to 1918 he was a member of the Narrow Zionist Action Committee (EAC). During the First World War he developed a large-scale propaganda activity for Zionism in the United States and Canada . In 1919 he was part of the British Zionist leadership as head of the Office for Education and Culture. He had been in the service of Keren Hajessod since 1920 and was temporarily its director.

In 1924 he moved to Palestine , where he and Chaim Nachman Bialik ran the Hebrew publishing house Dwir . Through his tireless propaganda and collecting activities for the establishment of a technical university in Palestine, he also became a founding father of the later Technion in Haifa from 1908 . In addition, he was one of the main impulses for the reconciliation of the Zionist movement with Achad Haam .

Works (selection)

  • Siwath Jisrael , 1896 (Anthology of Hebrew Poetry)
  • Autobiography, in: Der Vorwärts , New York 1928 f.
  • In Milchume times ( essays from the war time . Memories, Yiddish and English; German edition 1932/1933)
  • Youth in turmoil . Transfer from Martha Fleischmann. Berlin, Rowohlt 1931.
  • Childhood in Exile , Dt. Transfer from Martha Fleischmann, Jewish Book Association, Berlin 1935.
  • Youth in Revolt , Engl. Transfer from Maurice Samuel , George Routledge & Sons, Ltd., 2nd edition, London 1939. 294 pp.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schemarjahu Levin: The beer question played a fateful role , in: Kurt U. Bertrams: As a student in Königsberg. Memories of known corporates . Hilden 2006, pp. 177-122
personal data
SURNAME Levin, Shemaryahu
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Levin, Shmarya; Lewîn, Šemaryāhû; Levin, Schmarja (variants)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Zionist politician, publicist and writer
DATE OF BIRTH 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Swislatsch, Minsk Governorate
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1935
Place of death Haifa