Sebald Black

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Georg Sebald Christoph Schwarz (born August 12, 1866 in Rotterdam ; † February 15, 1934 in Aschersleben ) was a German educator and school reformer, most recently from 1925 to 1933 as a school councilor in Lübeck .

Life

Schwarz was born the son of a pastor who worked in Rotterdam and later in Berlin at the Simeonskirche . He attended the Luisenstädtische Gymnasium and after graduating from high school first studied theology at the University of Berlin . In 1886 he switched to the subjects of German studies, history and geography and finished his studies in 1890 with the state examination for higher teaching qualifications. In 1891 he received his doctorate as Dr. phil. He completed his legal traineeship at the Kiel School of Academics and at the Realschule Altona, a then very well-known Reform Realanstalt under Ernst Schlee .

After working as an assistant teacher, he found his first job as a senior teacher at the secondary school in Blankenese and in 1903 moved from there to a secondary school in Dortmund . In 1905 he was called to Lübeck to be the director of the second Realgymnasium there, which later became the Oberrealschule zum Dom (OzD) in the rooms of the former Higher Citizens' School , which was set up in 1881 on the model railway behind the choir of Lübeck Cathedral . Under his leadership, the OzD quickly developed into a reform school known beyond the borders of Germany.

Schwarz, who was a political member of the DDP from 1919 to 1924 , introduced a course system at this school as early as 1922, which allowed upper-level students to freely choose 30 percent of lessons outside of the core subjects. In the middle school, too, there were already corresponding options for the students, albeit to a lesser extent. With his successful appointment policy, he attracted educators from all over Germany who seemed to him suitable for the implementation of his reform plans. In 1925, Schwarz succeeded Jakob Wychgram as the state school board of the Lübeck state.

As a member of the Association of Decided School Reformers , Schwarz pursued the aim of the elastic unified school , with which he was unable to assert himself politically against the lobby of the secondary schools and against the will of parents. According to his plans, the Lübeck City Planning Director Hans Pieper built the monastery courtyard school in Mönkhofer Weg in the St. Jürgen district , which was completed in 1931 and was considered the most modern school in Germany at the time. On March 31, 1933, Schwarz was retired by the National Socialists . This also ended the large-scale Lübeck school experiment in the course of the subsequent synchronization . Schwarz himself could not get over this development and withdrew from Lübeck hurt. The National Socialist Hans Wolff was his successor as state school supervisor .

Schwarz volunteered in Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities and was 1913-1920 chairman of the Geographical Society of Lübeck .

family

Schwarz married Johanna Cordes (born March 23, 1873, † May 18, 1901 in Blankenese) on June 30, 1894. Their daughter Mia (born June 14, 1895 in Blankenese) became Dr. phil is doing her doctorate and worked as a high school councilor in the Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture.

On September 19, 1910, Schwarz married Friederike Luise Agnes Petersen (born October 21, 1872 in Blankenese; † October 21, 1955 in Rantzau). His wife was a daughter of the painter Klaus Friedrich Anton Petersen (1834–1885) and his wife Maria Catharina Augusta, née Wriedt. The state forest master Rüdiger Schwarz emerged from the marriage.

Schwarz also had another son.

literature

  • Sebald Schwarz: Our school trips . Kroeger, Blankensee 1903 ( digitized version )
  • State School Board Dr. Sebald Black. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1924/25, No. 8, edition of January 11, 1925, pp. 29-30.
  • Achim Leschinsky : Sebald Schwarz in: Lübecker Lebenslaufen , Neumünster 1993, pp. 361–166 ISBN 3-529-02729-4
  • Jörg Fligge : Lübeck schools in the "Third Reich": a study on the education system in the Nazi era in the context of developments in the Reich , Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2014, p. 93 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Achim Leschinsky: Schwarz, Sebald . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Volume 7. Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1985 p. 291.
personal data
SURNAME Black, Sebald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schwarz, Georg Sebald Christoph (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pedagogue and school reformer, most recently a school councilor in Lübeck (1925–1933)
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Rotterdam
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1934
Place of death Aschersleben