Rope worm

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The rope worm ( Lat. Homo funis vermis or funis vermis , Engl. Rope worm ) to a parasitic intestinal worm ( helminth be), allegedly the intestines colonized humans. To date, there is no scientifically recognized evidence that such a species even exists. Based on the current state of knowledge, it can be assumed that this worm is a hoax that is intended for purely business purposes. The protagonists of the rope worm disease mainly come from the environment of proponents of the charlatan drug Miracle Mineral Supplement (MMS) and alternative medical colon cleansing practices . The only publications on rope worms that scientifically seem at first glance, are from a Russian working group in an online - journal in which no peer review can be published. To date, there is no serious scientific publication on rope worms.

description

The rope worm is said to have been described for the first time in 2009 by Nikolai W. Gubarew. In a publication from 2013, the rope worm is characterized as follows:

The adult form of the rope worm is an anaerobe that lives in the gastrointestinal tract in humans . It is said to move in the human body by means of a recoil drive ("jet propulsion") by ejecting gas bubbles. The rope worms would look like a rope and could reach a length of over a meter. On the basis of their morphology , five stages of development have been identified:

In the fifth stage, the rope worm should look like a “hard string of slime” about one meter long. Since this looks like the twisted fibers of a rope, the name rope worm would have been chosen. In appearance they would be quite similar to human feces . At this stage, the rope worms are mainly active at night between 1 and 6 a.m. The high parasitic activity and the toxins released by the rope worms could alter the host's alertness and response . The color of the worm depends on the food the host has consumed and can vary from white to black. In a fasting host, the worms would leave the body white after an enema , from which the authors conclude that the original color of rope worms is obviously white. In principle, rope worms could be found almost anywhere in the human body, but would prefer to colonize the digestive tract, especially the small and large intestines . The rope worms would counteract the threat of excretion from the body due to the intestinal peristalsis through several mechanisms. The rope worms would attach themselves to the intestines with suction cups or suction cups . Adult specimens would be more than one meter in length, which would significantly exceed the typical length of human faeces. The worm movement by jet propulsion would represent a counterforce. Cableworms can twist like a corkscrew and are thus able to completely block the lumen of the intestine. The parasites would also form larger gas bubbles, which would then develop into suction cups.

In the previous stage four, the rope worm would be shorter and have a softer and more slimy body. Since they frequently found stage four and five rope worms with bloody heads, the authors concluded that rope worms at this stage were apparently feeding on the host's blood.

In the third stage it would look like a "branched jellyfish".

The second stage of development is more like "viscous snot or mucus with visible gas bubbles that are supposed to act as suction cups".

In stage one, the rope worm is a “slimier mucus with fewer blisters, but these can be found almost anywhere in the body”. Based on the results of light microscopic examinations, staining with DAPI and DNA analysis, it was concluded that the rope worms had a cellular structure. However, the data collected would not have been sufficient to determine the species.

In contrast to other worms, rope worms have no muscles , no nervous system and no independent sexual organs .

Prevalence

Volinsky and colleagues claim that most people would harbor rope worms as parasites without knowing it. Hundreds of her patients would have been infected with rope worms, and not a single patient would have been without this parasite.

According to the authors, patients with an “alkaline blood reaction”, with blood pH values ​​in the range of 8 to 10, would have the worst parasitic infestation. Such blood pH values ​​are not possible according to generally recognized medical and chemical aspects. Blood pH values ​​above 7.7 correspond to the clinical picture of a serious alkalosis , which is usually fatal at such values.

The authors provide several explanations for the very late discovery of the rope worm, which contradicts the allegedly high prevalence: rope worms are only rarely excreted as fully developed species; they would be very similar to human feces and are often confused with the intestinal mucosa or MALT ( Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue ); as anaerobes they also have no tendency to leave the human body.

Harmful effect

Cableworms are thought to cause a number of different symptoms in humans. These range from weight loss or weight gain to food allergies , colds , coughs , back pain , exanthemums , headaches , upset stomach and hair loss .

The German medical layman, MMS advocate and dealer Andreas Ludwig Kalcker, who is very close to Volinsky, sees a connection between rope worm infestation and autism .

therapy

Since there are no rope worms according to the current state of science, an appropriate treatment is not indicated. The following therapies are recommended by pseudoscientific circles.

According to Volinsky and colleagues, there is currently no known pharmaceutical anthelmintic that can be used to cure rope worm patients. To remove rope worms - called "dehilminthation" by Volinsky and colleagues - they recommend a series of enemas that begin with " cleaning water " , followed by an enema with sodium hydrogen carbonate ( baking soda ) and eucalyptus oil , which is followed by an enema with lemon juice and final enemas with a mixture of milk and " salt ". This treatment method is based on patents from Nikolai Gubarew et al. a. from 2004 and 2005.

Possible internal bleeding , which allegedly can occur after the removal of rope worms in development stage four, should be stopped by treatment with dead water ('dead water'). This water can be generated by electrolysis. This “dead water” is said to have a very similar effect to chlorine dioxide .

Reception and evaluation

The two publications about the rope worm were submitted to arXiv . At arXiv, publications are accepted for archiving without peer review. There is no peer review process in which independent reviewers from the same subject area as the authors are used to assess the suitability for publication. Lead Author Alex A. Volinsky is an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of South Florida . None of the co-authors is a parasitologist or at least a related discipline.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ In the original: like a tough string of mucus
  2. ↑ In the original: has softer slimier body
  3. ↑ In the original: like branched jellyfish
  4. ↑ In the original: viscous snot, or mucus with visible gas bubbles that act as suction cups
  5. ↑ In the original: slimier mucus with fewer bubbles, which can reside almost anywhere in the body
  6. ↑ In the original: the data collected is not sufficient to identify the specie [sic]
  7. ↑ In the original: People with alkaline blood reaction (blood pH of 8-10) had the worst parasitic invasions
  8. ↑ It is a matter of finding a term. The term is only used in the rope worm environment

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ NV Gubarev: Helminthes: known and unknown ...., Special Literature. First Class Publishing, St. Petersburg, ISBN 978-5-903984-08-4 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Alex A. Volinsky, Nikolai V. Gubarev, Galina M. Orlovskaya, Elena V. Marchenko: Development stages of the “rope” human intestinal parasite. In: [q-bio.OT], arxiv : 1301.2845 of January 14, 2013
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Alex A. Volinsky, Nikolai V. Gubarev, Galina M. Orlovskaya, Elena V. Marchenko: Human anaerobic intestinal "rope" parasites. In: [q-bio.OT], arxiv : 1301.0953 of January 5, 2013.
  4. ↑ M. Mennen, CM Slovis: Severe metabolic alkalosis in the emergency department. In: Annals of emergency medicine. Volume 17, Number 4, 1988, pp. 354-357, PMID 2833137 .
  5. ↑ A. Khanna, NA Kurtzman: Metabolic alkalosis. In: Journal of nephrology. Volume 19 Suppl 9, 2006, pp. S86-S96, PMID 16736446 (review).
  6. ^ Dee U. Silverthorn: Physiology. Pearson Deutschland GmbH, 2009, ISBN 978-3-827-37333-5 , p. 960 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  7. ↑ Alex A. Volinsky: Full Genome Sequencing & Study of Homo Funis Vermis, “Human Rope Worms”. ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Chronic Disease Research Foundation, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ropeworms.com
  8. ↑ annie: The Kalcker Parasite Protocol - Rope Worms - What are They? In: ropeworms.com. January 30, 2016, accessed March 5, 2016 .
  9. ↑ annie: Andreas Kalcker Talks About Worms and Autism - "It's a Hunting Game" - Rope Worms - What are They? In: ropeworms.com. December 31, 2013, accessed March 5, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Gubarev Nikolay Vladimirovich, Gubarev Alexander, Sergey Lebedev, Orel Lyudmila Petrovna, Orel Galina, Pakulina Olga: Ousting of helminthes from human body. RU 2270688, 2005.
  11. ↑ Gubarev Nikolay Vladimirovich, Sergey Lebedev, Orel Lyudmila Petrovna, Pakulina Olga: Method for removing helminths out of human body. RU 2250111, 2004.
  12. ↑ THRiiiVE.com Summit # 11 - Worms, Waves, Weed, and Whatever Works. 23–24 November 2013, p. 10.
  13. ↑ Maria Gutknecht-Gmeiner: External evaluation through peer review. Springer-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-16233-1 , pp. 57–60 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  14. ^ Professor Alex A. Volinsky, Ph.D. In: eng.usf.edu. Retrieved March 5, 2016 .