Sergei Nikolayevich Bulgakov

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Sergei Nikolajewitsch Bulgakow (right) with Pawel Florensky , painting by Michail Wassiljewitsch Nesterow 1917

Sergei Nikolaevich Bulgakov ( Russian Сергей Николаевич Булгаков * 16 . Jul / 28. July  1871 greg. In Livny , Oryol Governorate , Russian Empire ; † 13. July 1944 in Paris ) was a Russian economist and Orthodox theologian .

Life

As an outstanding personality of the “ Silver Age ” in Russia, Russian emigration and the ecumenical movement in Western Europe, he has achieved considerable fame on his way “from Marxism to sophiology”. Between 1901 and 1918 he was a professor of political economy in Kiev, Moscow and Simferopol. In 1918 he was ordained a priest in Moscow. Expelled from the country in 1922, he left the country on one of the philosophers ' ships.

From 1924 he was Professor of Dogmatics and Dean of the Institut de Théologie Orthodoxe Saint-Serge in Paris.

His doctrine of Sophia , the wisdom of God, was declared in 1935 by the administrator of the Moscow Patriarchate to be one of the orthodox "Church alien and distant doctrine"; the later Moscow Patriarch Sergius I (from 1943) also stated in September 1935 that "Bulgakov's system reminds of the half-pagan and half-Christian teachings of the Gnostics " and asked him to revoke his teachings in writing. The accusation was rejected by Metropolitan Eulogios (Jewlogi) of France and Western Europe, who has belonged to the Exarchate of Orthodox Congregations of Russian Tradition in Western Europe, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople , since 1931 .

Together with Pawel Florensky , Bulgakov advocated positions in Imjaslavie ( worship of the name of God) theology at the beginning of the 20th century . Here, Bulgakov tried in his philosophy of language in "philosophy you Verbe du et Nom" exists in French since 1991, so, in a basic philosophical and theological debate, the ratio of name and Named to clarify.

Especially at the Institutum Studiorum Oecumenicorum of the University of Friborg, Switzerland, the importance of Bulgakow's philosophical and theological studies for ecumenism is being re-weighted under the leadership of Barbara Hallensleben .

The astronomer Jelena Ivanovna Kasimirtschak-Polonskaja paid tribute to Bulgakov's life and work in a detailed monograph .

Publications (selection)

  • Capitalism and Agriculture (Russian), 2 vols., 1900
  • From Marxism to Idealism (Russian), 1903
  • The religion of the human god in L. Feuerbach (Russian), 1905
  • Karl Marx as a religious type (Russian), 1907
  • Secular and spiritual heroism (against the Marxism of the Russian intelligentsia), in the "Vechy" (Wegzeichen) collection (Russian), 1909 (German in: Russia's political soul, 1918 and: Vechi / Wegzeichen, 1990)
  • Philosophy of business. The world as economic activity. Münster: Aschendorff 2014, ISBN 978-3-402-12030-9 (Russian orig. 1912)
  • The eveningless light. Contemplation and speculation. (Russian), 1917 (partly in German: Eastern Christianity. II: Philos., edited by Hans Ehrenberg, 1925)
  • Reflections on religion, art, philosophy. 1918
  • At the banquet of the gods, 1918
  • Man and the human animal, with reverse to L. Tolstoj, 1922
  • The tragedy of philosophy (German translation by Alexander Kresling), 1927
  • Was ist das Wort ?, in: Festschrift Th. G. Masaryk , Bonn 1930, pp. 25–46
  • L'Orthodoxie, 1932, German The Orthodoxy , ISBN 3-7902-1452-3
  • Autobiographical Notes, 1946
  • The Apocalypse of St. John, 1948
  • Philosophy of the name, 1953
  • Dialogue between God and Man, 1962
  • First sophiological trilogy:
    • The incombustible thorn bush. Mariology, 1927
    • The groom's friend. About John the Baptist, 1929
    • Jacob's ladder. Doctrine of the Angels, 1929
  • Second sophiological. Trilogy:
    • The Lamb of God. Christology, 1933
    • The Comforter. Pneumatology, 1936;
    • The bride of the lamb. Ecclesiology and eschatology, 1945.
  • Hans-Jürgen Ruppert (Ed.): Socialism in Christianity? Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1977, ISBN 3-525-01610-7 .
  • Philosophy of Economy (Works, Vol. I), Münster: Aschendorff Verlag 2014. Translated from the Russian by Katharina A. Breckner and Anita Schlüchter.
  • Out of my life. Autobiographical testimonies (Works, Vol. II), Münster: Aschendorff Verlag 2017. Translated from the Russian by Elke Kirsten.
  • Bibliography. Works, correspondence and translations (Works, Vol. III), Münster: Aschendorff Verlag 2017.

literature

Web links

Commons : Sergei Bulgakov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ There are two versions of Bulgakov's date of birth - 16./28. June or July - in circulation. Bulgakov mentions his birthday in a diary entry dated 15/28. July 1923 in Prague: “Tomorrow is my birthday, I will be 52 years old. Thanks be to the Lord, who has given me my life, shown me His pleasure, poured out His gifts on me and has guarded me on my path through life! ”In: Prot. Sergij Bulgakov, Iz pamjati serdca, Orel 2001, 63. June -Version was circulated by the nun Elena and Lev Zander in their biographical reports on Sergij Bulgakov. On Bulgakov's tombstone in Paris there is also the 16th / 28th July noted.
  2. ^ Ordinance on Bulgakov. borisogleb.de, August 24, 1935, accessed January 19, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Serge Boulgakov: Philosophy du verbe et du nom. (Russian Filosofia Imeni, YMCA-Press, Paris 1953) published in French by L'Age d'Homme, Lausanne 1991, translated by Constantin Andronikof, ISBN 978-2-8251-0185-8 ( limited preview in the Google book search ).
  4. ^ Institute for Ecumenical Studies - Institut d'études oecuméniques »de. unifr.ch, accessed on January 19, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Compare also: Ilarion Alfejev (= Hilarion Alfejew): Le Nom grand et glorieux. La vénération du Nom de Dieu et la prière de Jésus dans la tradition orthodox . Traduction du russe by Claire Jounievy, Hiéromoine Alexandre (Siniakov) and Dom André Louf. Les éditions du Cerf, Paris 2007.
  6. ↑ монахиня Елена (Казимирчак-Полонская, Елена Ивановна): Профессор протоиерей Сергий Булгаков, 1871-1944: личность, жизнь, творческое служение, осияние фаворским светом . Изд-во Православного университета, Moscow 2003.
personal data
SURNAME Bulgakov, Sergei Nikolajewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Булгаков, Сергей Николаевич (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian economist and Orthodox theologian
DATE OF BIRTH July 28, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Liwny , Oryol Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH July 13, 1944
Place of death Paris , Seine department , France