Silberleithe
The Biberwierer Silberleithe is part of the western Mieminger Mountains in Tyrol , where there was mining for silver , lead and zinc from the end of the 15th century . The highest elevation of the Silberleithe is 1642 m above sea level. A. high shaft head . In terms of production figures, it was never as important as other Tyrolean silver mines. However, the names of the trades suggest that sufficient quantities of ore were extracted over a long period of time .
The first mining activities can be traced back to the end of the 15th century. The last ore mining on the Silberleithe did not take place until 1921.
Geological conditions
The Silberleithe lies in a geologically particularly interesting area. Between Sonnenspitze , Wetterstein and Daniel , three stone units meet, which were stacked on top of each other in the course of the mountain formation and are now open close to each other. The Silberleithe lies in one of these pile of roofs: the Inntaldeck. Almost all of the rocks in the Mieminger Mountains originated on the seabed and consist of limestone and its transformation product, dolomite stone . In addition, there are sandstones, claystones, chert stones, rough cheeks and volcanic tuffs. A detailed description can be found in the article Mieming Mountains .
Trades on the Silberleithe
A list of the former owners (trades) of the Silberleithe is a mirror of the important noble families of Tyrol and important industrialists and bankers from the German-speaking area. This reflects the temporary importance of mining on the Silberleithe.
Ore minerals
The most important ore minerals were galena , zinc blende and the mineral mixture calamine . In addition, calcite and dolomite occurred as gangue minerals . As a rarity, the vanadium mineral Descloizit can be found in thin coatings on the Wetterstein limestone.
Trades on the Silberleithe (list)
In brackets, the years in which the trades held Kuxe (years not always exact).
- B. Simons & Co (1883-1950)
- Bandmann, Christian Eduard, Dr. (1861–1950)
- Bank Ephraim Meyer & Sohn (1861–1882)
- Bayerthal, Hedwig (1883–1950)
- Boehringer, Albert (1883–1950)
- Boehringer, Ernst (1883–1950)
- Boehringer, Mathilde (1883–1950)
- Boscarolli, Maria, b. Habtmann (1861-1882)
- Braun, Luise, née Nisbett etc. (1883–1950)
- Braun, Luise, legal heirs etc. (1883–1950)
- Braun, Max (1861–1950)
- Bukeisen, August (1861–1882)
- Bukeisen, Emilia (1861–1882)
- Bukeisen, Friedrich (1861–1882)
- C. Kulmiz Society m b. H. (1883-1950)
- Cunze, Dietrich, Dr. (1883–1950)
- Dureger, Ludwig, Dr. (1861-1882)
- Enzenberg zum Freyen- and Jöchelsthurn , Arthur Graf von, heirs (1861–1882)
- Enzenberg , Franz Graf von (1861–1882)
- Enzenberg , Ottilie Countess von, b. Countess von Tannenberg Baroness von Tratzberg (1861–1882)
- Ephraim Meyer & Son (1883–1950)
- Fürstenwarther, Karl Freiherr von (1861–1882)
- Fürstenwarther, Krescenz Baroness von, b. Countess of Lodron (1861–1882)
- Gaberle, Therese, b. by Martini (1861–1882)
- Reutte municipality (1883–1950)
- Union in unione (1883–1950)
- Grundmann, Friedrich Wilhelm (1861–1950)
- Habtmann, Georg (1861–1882)
- Habtmann, Josef (1861–1882)
- Habtmanns, Ditta Franz Josef Eidam (1861–1882)
- Hammacher, Carl von (1883–1950)
- Hammacher, Friedrich Karl von (1883–1950)
- Hammacher, Friedrich, Dr. jur (1861–1950)
- Hammerschmidt, Karolina, b. Soennecken (1883–1950)
- Hammerschmidt, Wilhelm, Dr. (1883–1950)
- Heiliger, Ernst (1883–1950)
- Hirschsprung, KOM (1883–1950)
- Hübner, Arthur (1883–1950)
- In the Maur von Freyfeld zu Strelberg, Karl (1861–1882)
- Joel, Otto (1883–1950)
- Kapferer, Josef, Dr. jur. (1861-1882)
- Kapferer, Martin (1861–1882)
- Kapferer, Maximilian Thomas (1861–1882)
- Kirchner, Hans, Dr. (1883–1950)
- Kulmiz, Paul von, Dr. (1861–1895)
- Ledermann, Wilhelm (1883–1950)
- Leiffmann, Moritz , and Erben (1883–1950)
- Lepuschitz, Elise, b. Countess of Lodron (1861–1882)
- Lodron, Albert Graf zu, mdj. (1861–1882)
- Lodron, Alois Graf von (1861–1882)
- Lodron, Karl Graf von (1861–1882)
- Lodron, Marianne Countess, b. Countess von Platz (1861–1882)
- Lodron-Laterano, Caspar Graf zu (1861–1882)
- Lohmann, Hugo (1883–1950)
- Luterotti, Sofie von, b. von Wörz (1861–1882)
- Malitsch, Klara, b. von Indermauer (1861–1882)
- Martini, Karl Ritter von (1861–1882)
- Martini, Luise von, b. Meyer (1861-1882)
- Mayr, Josef (1861–1882)
- Müller, Germann (1883–1950)
- Müller, Helena, b. by Martini (1861–1882)
- Ottenthal, Anna von, b. Habtmann (1861-1882)
- Ottenthal, Anna von, b. Habtmann resp. their heirs (1861–1882)
- Ottenthal, Antonia von, b. Habtmann (1861-1882)
- Parish church in Sterzing (1861–1882)
- Rambaldi, Karl Graf von (1883–1950)
- Reh, Adolf (1861–1950)
- Deer, liana (1883–1950)
- Scheven, Charlotte von, b. Utz (1892–1968)
- Scheven, Hans Erich von (1883–1950)
- Schiff, Julius (1861–1950)
- Schmidt, Werner, Dr. (1883–1950)
- Schneller, Franziska (1861–1882)
- Schneller, Maria (1861–1882)
- Schneller, Maria Anna Magdalena, b. Kapferer (1861-1882)
- Schulte, Eduard (1883–1950)
- Simons, Carl Wilhelm (1883–1950)
- Simons, Herbert, Dr.-Ing. (1883–1950)
- Simons, Michael (1861–1950)
- Spiegelfeld, Otto Freiherr von (1861–1882)
- Staerker, Walther (1883–1950)
- Stronger, Emil, Dr. med (1883–1950)
- Steiger, Franziska, b. Bukeisen (1861-1882)
- Teuchner, Anna, née Tschurtschenthaler (1861–1882)
- Treutler, Clara von, b. Alberti etc. (1883–1950)
- Treutler, Oswald (1861–1950)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Alois (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Aloisia (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Henriette (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Johann, Dr. jur. (1861-1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Josef (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Karolina (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Ludwig (1861–1882)
- Tschurtschenthaler, Viktor (1861–1882)
- Wörz, Alois Ritter von (1861–1882)
- Wörz, Alois Ritter von, Erben (1861–1882)
- Wörz, Babette von (1861–1882)
literature
- Albert Häusing: The Silberleithen mine and the new exploration work in the water air. In: Oesterreichische Zeitschrift für Berg- und Hüttenwesen . Vol. 46, No. 8, Vienna 1898, ZDB -ID 203075-5 , pp. 101-106, 6 Fig.
- Albert Häusing: Results of the new exploration work in the Silberleithen mine in the water air. In: Oesterreichische Zeitschrift für Berg- und Hüttenwesen. Vol. 48, No. 6), Vienna 1900, pp. 67-68.
- Max von Isser: The lead and zinc works of the union Silberleithen zu Biberwier in Oberinnthale (Tyrol). In: Oesterreichische Zeitschrift für Berg- und Hüttenwesen. Vol. 29, No. 7, 1881, pp. 89-90; No. 8, pp. 104-110; No. 10, pp. 129-134, 3 fig.
- Georg Mutschlechner: The ore mining in Ausserfern. In: Raimund Klebelsberg (ed.): Ausserferner book. Contributions to local history from Ausserfern (= Schlern-Schriften. 111, ZDB -ID 503740-2 ). Wagner, Innsbruck 1955, pp. 25–52, 1 fig., 5 tab.
- K. Schlier: Something about the mining of lead and zinc ores on the Silberleithen and on the Wampeter Schroffen in Tyrol. In: The ore mining. Vol. 3, 1907, ZDB -ID 510289-3 , pp. 468-470.
- Marcus Wandinger: The churches in Biberwier and their relationship to mining. In: res montanarum, Leoben 2002, H. 29, pp. 9-17.
- Christian Wolkersdorfer: Mining on the Silberleithe. History, mineralization and formation of the lead-zinc deposits in the western Mieming Mountains. Self-published, Freiberg 2000.
- Christian Wolkersdorfer, Jana Göbel: The Silberleithe Montan hiking trail (Biberwier / Tyrol) - from archive to idea. In: Reports of the Federal Geological Institute. Vol. 65, 2005, ISSN 1017-8880 , pp. 184-185, 1 fig, ( digital version (PDF; 198.08 kB) ).
- Christian Wolkersdorfer, Jana Göbel, Andrea Hasche-Berger, Armin Hanneberg: Guide to the Silberleithe Montan hiking trail. Bergwerksverein Silberleithe Tirol, Biberwier 2007, ISBN 978-3-00-022638-0 .
Web links
References and comments
- ^ Friedrich Grundmann in the Polish language Wikipedia
Coordinates: 47 ° 21 '48 " N , 10 ° 53' 58" E